UNIFIED
NATIONS

Every life matters. The work is urgent.

OUR GREAT WORK
IS NOT OVER.

Zero suicide. Zero needless suffering. Zero poverty.
Every country still has work to do.

Find the work we can do now ↓
Next death · average-rate clock20.01seconds remaining in this repeating cycle

One death every 20.01 seconds on average.

EVERY LIFE COUNTSAverage-rate illustration
Not a live report
Next suicide · average-rate clock25:38.59minutes:seconds remaining in this repeating cycle

One death every 1,538.58 seconds on average.

EVERY LIFE COUNTSAverage-rate illustration
Not a live report
Published average intervals; enable JavaScript for repeating countdowns.

Japan · WHO 2023 · 1/1 countries. Annual totals ÷ seconds in the source year set the rate. These are illustrative averages, not real-time death reports or predictions. The death clock includes all causes, including deaths that cannot currently be prevented. Sources & calculation ↗

World dashboard / Japan

East Asia & Pacific · UN member

JapanJPNA healthier future.

Japan’s health dashboard connects the latest available evidence with a shared horizon: zero suicide, zero needless suffering, zero poverty, and longer healthy lives.

North-star health score · v23.8 / 100

11/12 core measures · 2020–2024

Life expectancy84

Years · 2024

Healthy life expectancy72.2

Years · 2023

Indicator coverage46 / 52

Dated numerical series · 2 source-context notes.

Inspect Japan’s score components

Version 2 is a deliberately demanding editorial measure of distance to the north stars, not an official WHO/UN index or the percentage of people who are healthy. Strong services cannot cancel out ongoing suicide, health loss, or extreme poverty. At least 9 of 12 core measures and all three recent zero-harm inputs are required. Missing inputs suppress the final score, rather than implying success. Health loss is a proxy broader than avoidable suffering; the $3.00/day measure covers extreme poverty, not every form of deprivation. Lower scores under this new method are a recalibration, not evidence of deterioration.

MeasureYearValueFoundation component score
Life expectancy20248485.1
Under-five mortality20242.497.6
Maternal mortality2023399.4
Suicide mortality202117.430.3
Premature chronic-disease mortality2021877.1
Tuberculosis incidence20249.898
Essential health-service coverage20238686
DTP immunization20249999
Safely managed drinking water202498.798.7
Safely managed sanitation202499.299.2
Fine-particle air pollution202311.588.3
Zero suicide

16.48 deaths per 100,000 people · 2023

Score multiplier ×0.233
Zero needless suffering

0.333 DALYs per person; health-loss proxy · 2023

Score multiplier ×0.231
Zero poverty

1.2 % below $3.00/day (2021 PPP); extreme-poverty proxy · 2020

Score multiplier ×0.806

A deliberately demanding measure of distance to the goals. Version 2 changes the method, not the underlying observations. Health loss is not all needless suffering; the poverty input measures extreme poverty. See the formula and limits ↗

Explore 52 indicators ↓The action agenda ↗

The human stakes

More life.
Less suffering.

Choose a reduction in the measured annual burden. This is a transparent scenario, not a forecast that completing a checklist will deliver it.

0%50%100% theoretical ceiling
Annual deaths avoided394K

Of 1.6M deaths in the covered population.

Years of life restored5.5M

Years lost to premature mortality (YLL).

Health loss diminished4.8M

Disability-weighted years (YLD), a health-loss measure.

Healthy life-years reclaimed10.4M

YLL + YLD = DALYs. 129.4K equivalent 80-year healthy lifetimes.

Japan · 2023

WHO modeled all-cause estimates; same release and reference year. These four measures overlap and must not be added. DALYs quantify health loss, not every form of suffering. An equivalent lifetime is a unit conversion, not a person saved. All-cause deaths include deaths that cannot currently be prevented; 100% is an arithmetic ceiling.

See the calculation and its limits ↗

Japan · the evidence

The trends.
The north stars.

Mint traces measured observations. Gold marks numerical goals. Lines connect available observations, which can be years apart. Non-numerical goals are explained in each card. Historical figures, model caveats and source-backed status notes stay visible. A gap is an invitation to improve measurement.

52 indicators

outcomes2024

Life expectancy

84 years
91.279.9GOAL 9020002024
North star

90 years of life, with health and dignity

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Expected lifespan at birth under the year’s mortality patterns.

Source, limitations & data

Period measure, not a prediction for an individual. National averages conceal inequalities.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.DYN.LE00.IN ↗

Life expectancy observations for Japan
Yearyears
202484
202384
202284
202184.4
202084.6
201984.4
201884.2
201784.1
201684
201583.8
201483.6
201383.3
201283.1
201182.6
201082.8
200982.9
200882.6
200782.5
200682.3
200582
200482
200381.8
200281.7
200181.4
200081.1
burden2023

Healthy life expectancy

72.2 years
81.269.4GOAL 8020002023
North star

80 years lived in full health

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Expected years lived in full health at birth under current mortality and morbidity patterns.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled HALE estimates incorporate severity weights. This is not a measure of happiness or all suffering.

World Health Organization · WHOSIS_000002 ↗

Healthy life expectancy observations for Japan
Yearyears
202372.2
202272.2
202172.6
202072.8
201972.8
201872.6
201772.5
201672.4
201572.3
201472.1
201372
201271.8
201171.2
201071.7
200971.7
200871.5
200771.4
200671.3
200571.1
200471.1
200371
200271
200170.8
200070.6
outcomes2024

Under-five mortality

2.4 per 1,000 live births
5.10GOAL 020002024
North star

Zero preventable child deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030: at most 25 per 1,000 · Interim target ↗

Probability of dying before age five, per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled UN inter-agency estimate. Infant and neonatal deaths are included; never add these counts.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.MORT ↗

Under-five mortality observations for Japan
Yearper 1,000 live births
20242.4
20232.4
20222.4
20212.4
20202.4
20192.5
20182.5
20172.6
20162.7
20152.8
20142.9
20133
20123.1
20113.3
20103.3
20093.4
20083.4
20073.5
20063.6
20053.7
20043.9
20034
20024.1
20014.3
20004.5
outcomes2024

Infant mortality

1.8 per 1,000 live births
3.70GOAL 020002024
North star

Zero preventable infant deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Probability of dying before age one, per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

A subset of under-five mortality; not additive with child or neonatal deaths.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.DYN.IMRT.IN ↗

Infant mortality observations for Japan
Yearper 1,000 live births
20241.8
20231.8
20221.8
20211.8
20201.8
20191.8
20181.9
20171.9
20162
20152
20142.1
20132.2
20122.2
20112.3
20102.4
20092.5
20082.5
20072.6
20062.7
20052.7
20042.8
20032.9
20023
20013.1
20003.3
outcomes2024

Neonatal mortality

0.9 per 1,000 live births
20GOAL 020002024
North star

Zero preventable newborn deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030: at most 12 per 1,000 · Interim target ↗

Deaths in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

A subset of infant and under-five mortality; these are overlapping categories.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.NMRT ↗

Neonatal mortality observations for Japan
Yearper 1,000 live births
20240.9
20230.8
20220.8
20210.8
20200.8
20190.8
20180.9
20170.9
20160.9
20150.9
20141
20131
20121
20111.1
20101.1
20091.2
20081.2
20071.3
20061.3
20051.4
20041.5
20031.6
20021.7
20011.7
20001.8
outcomes2023

Maternal mortality

3 per 100,000 live births
10.20GOAL 020002023
North star

Zero preventable maternal deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030 global ratio: below 70 · Interim target ↗

Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled estimate with uncertainty. The denominator is births, not total population.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.MMRT ↗

Maternal mortality observations for Japan
Yearper 100,000 live births
20233
20225
20214
20204
20195
20185
20175
20165
20155
20145
20135
20126
20116
20106
20096
20086
20076
20067
20057
20047
20038
20028
20018
20009
outcomes2021

Suicide mortality

17.4 per 100,000 people
29.20GOAL 020002021
North star

Zero suicide deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled crude rate, not age-standardized. Reporting and classification differ; lower reported rates can reflect undercounting.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.SUIC.P5 ↗

Suicide mortality observations for Japan
Yearper 100,000 people
202117.4
202017.2
201916.5
201816.9
201717.2
201617.7
201519.3
201420.2
201321.5
201221.8
201123.5
201024.3
200925.1
200824.6
200725.2
200624.1
200524.6
200424.3
200325.8
200224.1
200123.4
200024.1
outcomes2019

Road-traffic mortality

3.6 per 100,000 people
14.10GOAL 020002019
North star

Zero deaths and serious injuries on the roads

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated annual deaths from road-traffic injuries per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Population-based WHO rate, not deaths per distance travelled.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.TRAF.P5 ↗

Road-traffic mortality observations for Japan
Yearper 100,000 people
20193.6
20183.7
20173.9
20164.1
20154.2
20144.2
20134.5
20124.8
20115
20105.3
20095.4
20085.5
20076.2
20068.6
20059.4
200410.1
200310.6
200211.3
200112.1
200012.5
outcomes2023

Intentional homicide

0.2 per 100,000 people
0.6190GOAL 020002023
North star

Zero intentional homicides

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 people.

Source, limitations & data

UNODC-based estimates. Reporting and conflict-death definitions vary.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · VC.IHR.PSRC.P5 ↗

Intentional homicide observations for Japan
Yearper 100,000 people
20230.2
20220.2
20210.2
20200.3
20190.3
20180.3
20170.2
20160.3
20150.3
20140.3
20130.3
20120.3
20110.3
20100.4
20090.4
20080.5
20070.4
20060.5
20050.5
20040.5
20030.5
20020.5
20010.5
20000.5
outcomes2021

Premature chronic-disease mortality

8 % probability ages 30–70
12.80GOAL 020002021
North star

End avoidable premature deaths from major chronic diseases

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Probability of dying between ages 30 and 70 from cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease.

Source, limitations & data

Not a death rate or all chronic diseases. Cannot multiply by population to produce annual deaths.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS ↗

Premature chronic-disease mortality observations for Japan
Year% probability ages 30–70
20218
20208.2
20198.3
20188.4
20178.6
20168.7
20158.7
20149
20139.2
20129.4
20119.6
20109.6
20099.5
20089.8
20079.9
200610
200510.3
200410.4
200310.5
200210.7
200111
200011.3
burden2023

Healthy life-years lost

41,418,760 healthy life-years
46.8M0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

DALYs combine years lost to premature mortality and severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss.

Source, limitations & data

DALY = YLL + YLD. A burden baseline, not proof that all loss can be avoided; not an estimate of all human suffering.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Healthy life-years lost observations for Japan
Yearhealthy life-years
202341,418,760
202241,322,935
202139,828,488
202039,053,995
201939,079,932
201538,791,180
201038,491,596
200035,725,295
burden2023

Life-years lost to premature death

22,178,545 life-years
25.1M0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO years of life lost (YLL) relative to its reference life table.

Source, limitations & data

Different from number of people dying; one death can account for many life-years.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Life-years lost to premature death observations for Japan
Yearlife-years
202322,178,545
202222,184,121
202120,834,246
202020,242,347
201920,433,507
201520,286,079
201020,583,450
200019,557,524
burden2023

Years of nonfatal health loss

19,240,215 healthy life-years
21.7M0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Severity-weighted years lived with disease or disability (YLD), adjusted for comorbidity by the source.

Source, limitations & data

A health-loss proxy, not a valuation of people with disabilities or a direct measure of distress, poverty, or all suffering.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Years of nonfatal health loss observations for Japan
Yearhealthy life-years
202319,240,215
202219,138,814
202118,994,241
202018,811,648
201918,646,425
201518,505,101
201017,908,145
200016,167,771
outcomes2023

All-cause deaths

1,576,033 deaths
1.7M881.8K20002023
North star

Prevent avoidable deaths and extend healthy life

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

WHO estimated all-cause deaths in the reference year.

Source, limitations & data

Deaths are a baseline; no programme can be assumed to eliminate all mortality.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

All-cause deaths observations for Japan
Yeardeaths
20231,576,033
20221,569,096
20211,439,927
20201,372,917
20191,381,243
20151,290,490
20101,197,049
2000961,707
outcomes2023

Suicide deaths

20,497 deaths
35.5K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Zero suicide deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO estimated deaths from intentional self-harm, both sexes and all ages.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled cause-specific estimate; reporting and classification can undercount suicide. Included in all-cause deaths; never add it again.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Suicide deaths observations for Japan
Yeardeaths
202320,497
202221,233
202121,150
202021,284
201920,740
201524,601
201031,092
200031,453
burden2023

Depressive-disorder health loss

742,867 healthy life-years
881.8K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from depressive disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not case counts or direct distress. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Depressive-disorder health loss observations for Japan
Yearhealthy life-years
2023742,867
2022753,955
2021780,356
2020717,007
2019683,256
2015654,434
2010608,580
2000573,198
burden2023

Anxiety-disorder health loss

474,917 healthy life-years
536.7K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from anxiety disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not case counts. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Anxiety-disorder health loss observations for Japan
Yearhealthy life-years
2023474,917
2022442,196
2021446,460
2020418,531
2019392,850
2015382,992
2010382,930
2000379,681
burden2023

Alcohol-disorder health loss

75,312 healthy life-years
93.2K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from alcohol use disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD. Alcohol-related injuries and other disease burdens sit in other categories; included in total YLD.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Alcohol-disorder health loss observations for Japan
Yearhealthy life-years
202375,312
202271,329
202171,910
202072,697
201973,612
201578,252
201076,099
200082,477
burden2023

Drug-disorder health loss

84,335 healthy life-years
121.1K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from drug use disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not overdose deaths. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Drug-disorder health loss observations for Japan
Yearhealthy life-years
202384,335
202284,806
202183,069
202081,365
201982,482
201590,300
201098,841
2000107,171
disease2024

Tuberculosis incidence

9.8 per 100,000 people
53.10GOAL 020002024
North star

End tuberculosis

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated new and relapsed tuberculosis cases per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled incidence includes uncertainty; not the number of reported diagnoses.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.TBS.INCD ↗

Tuberculosis incidence observations for Japan
Yearper 100,000 people
20249.8
20239.8
20229.9
202111
202012
201914
201815
201716
201617
201517
201419
201320
201220
201122
201022
200924
200825
200726
200627
200529
200432
200335
200237
200141
200047
diseaseDATA GAP

New HIV infections

— per 1,000 uninfected ages 15–49
○

No matching rate for uninfected adults ages 15–49 was found. All-age rates and reported diagnoses use different measures.

North star

Zero new HIV infections

Unified Nations aspirational north star

New HIV infections among uninfected adults ages 15–49.

Source, limitations & data

Denominator is uninfected adults in this age group, not the whole population.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.HIV.INCD.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

New HIV infections observations for Japan
Yearper 1,000 uninfected ages 15–49
diseaseSOURCE CONTEXT

Malaria incidence

— per 1,000 at risk
○

No applicable national at-risk incidence rate was found. Non-relevant source zeros and malaria-free status are not treated as numerical incidence estimates.

North star

End malaria

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated new malaria cases per 1,000 people at risk.

Source, limitations & data

At-risk population differs from total population. No observation is not zero or proof of elimination.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MLR.INCD.P3 ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Malaria incidence observations for Japan
Yearper 1,000 at risk
disease2024

Diabetes prevalence

8.1 % ages 20–79
8.27.620112024
North star

Prevent avoidable diabetes and support everyone living with it

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Share of adults ages 20–79 living with diabetes.

Source, limitations & data

A modeled prevalence estimate; diagnosis, treatment, and control matter alongside prevention.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.DIAB.ZS ↗

Diabetes prevalence observations for Japan
Year% ages 20–79
20248.1
20117.7
disease2024

Tobacco use

17.5 % adults 15+
37.70GOAL 020002024
North star

A tobacco-free future

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use in adults.

Source, limitations & data

Includes smoked and smokeless tobacco as defined by the source; a modeled estimate.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.PRV.SMOK ↗

Tobacco use observations for Japan
Year% adults 15+
202417.5
202318
202218.5
202019.5
201522.3
201025.5
200727.6
200529.3
200033.4
disease2020

Alcohol consumption

6.4 litres pure alcohol per adult 15+
7.86.220002020
North star

Minimize alcohol-related harm

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Annual total alcohol consumption per person age 15+.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled/projected estimate includes recorded and estimated unrecorded consumption, adjusted for tourism; not a measure of distribution or dependence.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.ALC.PCAP.LI ↗

Alcohol consumption observations for Japan
Yearlitres pure alcohol per adult 15+
20206.4
20196.7
20186.7
20176.7
20166.8
20156.7
20146.8
20136.8
20126.8
20116.8
20106.8
20096.8
20086.8
20077.1
20067.3
20057.4
20047.3
20037.3
20027.3
20017.7
20007.7
disease2010

Child stunting

7.1 % children under 5

Historical evidence · 2010. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

80GOAL 020002010
North star

Zero child stunting

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five with low height for age relative to the WHO growth standard.

Source, limitations & data

Survey and modeled series vary; reflects cumulative deprivation, not every cause of poor nutrition.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.STNT.ZS ↗

Child stunting observations for Japan
Year% children under 5
20107.1
20005.8
disease2010

Child wasting

2.4 % children under 5

Historical evidence · 2010. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

2.70GOAL 020002010
North star

Zero child wasting

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five with low weight for height relative to the WHO growth standard.

Source, limitations & data

Sparse household surveys; a national observation can miss local or seasonal emergencies.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.WAST.ZS ↗

Child wasting observations for Japan
Year% children under 5
20102.4
20001.7
diseaseSOURCE CONTEXT

Undernourishment

— % of population
○

No comparable national observation was found in the checked source feeds. Missing data is not zero.

North star

Zero hunger

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of people with insufficient dietary energy intake.

Source, limitations & data

FAO modeled estimate; values below 2.5% may be censored in source presentation.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Undernourishment observations for Japan
Year% of population
care2023

Essential health-service coverage

86 index 0–100
103.172.9GOAL 10020002023
North star

Universal access to essential health services

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Universal health coverage service coverage index across essential health services.

Source, limitations & data

A tracer-service index, not a claim that every person receives care or financial protection.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH_UHC_SCI ↗

Essential health-service coverage observations for Japan
Yearindex 0–100
202386
202285
202185
202084
201984
201884
201783
201683
201582
201482
201382
201282
201181
201081
200980
200880
200780
200679
200579
200478
200378
200277
200177
200076
care2024

DTP immunization

99 % children ages 12–23 months
10283.1GOAL 10020002024
North star

Every child protected by routine vaccination

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of children ages 12–23 months receiving three doses of DTP vaccine.

Source, limitations & data

Coverage does not measure every vaccine, timeliness, or equitable access.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.IMM.IDPT ↗

DTP immunization observations for Japan
Year% children ages 12–23 months
202499
202398
202299
202199
202096
201998
201898
201799
201699
201596
201496
201396
201297
201197
201097
200997
200898
200798
200698
200598
200499
200397
200296
200195
200085
care2024

Measles immunization

95 % children ages 12–23 months
100.893.2GOAL 10020002024
North star

Every child protected against measles

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of children ages 12–23 months receiving a measles vaccine.

Source, limitations & data

One vaccine-dose indicator, not proof of community immunity or complete schedules.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.IMM.MEAS ↗

Measles immunization observations for Japan
Year% children ages 12–23 months
202495
202394
202298
202195
202098
201996
201897
201797
201696
201596
201498
201395
201296
201194
201094
200994
200895
200796
200697
200598
200498
200398
200298
200198
200096
care2021

Skilled birth attendance

99.8 % of births
10099.8GOAL 10020002021
North star

Every birth supported by skilled, respectful care

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Births attended by skilled health personnel.

Source, limitations & data

Presence of a skilled attendant does not establish quality, emergency access, or respectful care.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.BRTC.ZS ↗

Skilled birth attendance observations for Japan
Year% of births
202199.8
202099.9
201999.9
201899.9
201799.9
201699.8
201599.9
201499.8
201299.8
201199.8
201099.8
200999.8
200899.8
200799.8
200699.8
200599.8
200499.8
200399.8
200299.8
200199.8
200099.8
care2024

Adolescent birth rate

1.6 births per 1,000 women ages 15–19
6.8120002024
North star

Prevent unintended adolescent pregnancy and support young parents

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Births per 1,000 women ages 15–19.

Source, limitations & data

Births alone do not establish intention or agency; reproductive choice and access to care matter.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.ADO.TFRT ↗

Adolescent birth rate observations for Japan
Yearbirths per 1,000 women ages 15–19
20241.6
20231.7
20221.8
20212.1
20202.5
20192.8
20183.1
20173.4
20163.8
20154
20144.3
20134.4
20124.3
20114.5
20104.6
20094.9
20085.2
20075.1
20065.2
20055.4
20045.8
20036
20026.2
20016
20005.5
care2023

Current health expenditure

10.7 % of GDP
136.320002023
North star

Affordable, effective care with fair financial protection

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Current health expenditure as a share of GDP.

Source, limitations & data

More spending is not automatically better outcomes; excludes capital expenditure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS ↗

Current health expenditure observations for Japan
Year% of GDP
202310.7
202212.3
202112.1
202011.4
201911
201810.7
201710.7
201610.7
201510.7
201410.7
201310.7
201210.7
201110.5
20109.1
20099
20088.1
20077.8
20067.7
20057.7
20047.5
20037.5
20027.4
20017.2
20007
care2023

Out-of-pocket health costs

12.2 % of health expenditure
17.71020002023
North star

No one pushed into hardship by the cost of care

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Out-of-pocket spending as a share of current health expenditure.

Source, limitations & data

Not the share of household income spent on health, and not a direct catastrophic-spending measure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.XPD.OOPC.CH.ZS ↗

Out-of-pocket health costs observations for Japan
Year% of health expenditure
202312.2
202211.1
202110.8
202011.6
201912.9
201813
201712.7
201612.9
201512.9
201412.9
201312.7
201213
201113.1
201014.6
200915.2
200815.2
200715.5
200616.4
200515.7
200416.6
200316.9
200216
200115.8
200015.9
care2022

Physician availability

2.6 per 1,000 people
2.71.820002022
North star

Timely access to qualified health professionals

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Number of physicians per 1,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Counts can combine practicing or registered staff depending on country; distribution and quality matter.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MED.PHYS.ZS ↗

Physician availability observations for Japan
Yearper 1,000 people
20222.6
20202.6
20182.5
20162.4
20142.4
20122.3
20102.2
20082.1
20062.1
20042
20022
20001.9
care2022

Nurses & midwives

13 per 1,000 people
13.5820002022
North star

Adequate nursing and midwifery care everywhere

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Nursing and midwifery personnel per 1,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Country reporting and occupational coverage differ; national density conceals shortages.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MED.NUMW.P3 ↗

Nurses & midwives observations for Japan
Yearper 1,000 people
202213
202012.4
201812
201611.6
201411.2
201210.7
201010.3
20089.8
20069.3
20049
20028.6
20008.7
environment2024

Safely managed drinking water

98.7 % of population
100.397.6GOAL 10020002024
North star

Safe drinking water for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using drinking water that is on premises, available when needed, and free from contamination.

Source, limitations & data

WHO/UNICEF JMP estimate. Missing safely managed data must not be substituted silently with basic access.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.H2O.SMDW.ZS ↗

Safely managed drinking water observations for Japan
Year% of population
202498.7
202398.7
202298.7
202198.6
202098.6
201998.5
201898.5
201798.5
201698.4
201598.4
201498.3
201398.3
201298.2
201198.2
201098.1
200998.1
200898
200798
200698
200597.9
200497.9
200397.9
200297.9
200197.9
200097.9
environment2024

Safely managed sanitation

99.2 % of population
100.596GOAL 10020002024
North star

Safe sanitation for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using improved, unshared sanitation with safe disposal or treatment of excreta.

Source, limitations & data

WHO/UNICEF JMP estimate. Basic sanitation is a separate, less stringent measure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.SMSS.ZS ↗

Safely managed sanitation observations for Japan
Year% of population
202499.2
202399.2
202299.1
202199.1
202099
201999
201898.9
201798.8
201698.7
201598.6
201498.4
201398.3
201298.2
201198
201097.9
200997.7
200897.6
200797.4
200697.3
200597.1
200497
200396.9
200296.8
200196.6
200096.5
environmentDATA GAP

Handwashing facilities

— % of population
○

No national estimate meeting this definition was found. Basic access, urban-only and rural-only coverage are separate measures.

North star

Soap, water, and hygiene access for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People with a handwashing facility with soap and water at home.

Source, limitations & data

Limited survey coverage; presence does not establish consistent use.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.HYGN.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Handwashing facilities observations for Japan
Year% of population
environment2023

Fine-particle air pollution

11.5 µg/m³
16.23.7GOAL 520002023
North star

WHO guideline: annual PM2.5 at most 5 µg/m³

WHO air-quality guideline · Target source ↗

Population-weighted annual mean exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5).

Source, limitations & data

Modeled national exposure. Local hotspots and personal exposure differ.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 ↗

Fine-particle air pollution observations for Japan
Yearµg/m³
202311.5
202212.4
202111.5
202011.2
201912
201812.4
201712.2
201612.3
201513.5
201413.7
201313
201213.4
201112.9
201012.8
200914
200814.5
200714.9
200613.8
200511.9
200411.6
200311.8
200212.1
200112.4
200012.7
environment2023

Clean cooking access

100 % of population
106.393.4GOAL 10020002023
North star

Clean cooking without harmful household smoke

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People with access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking.

Source, limitations & data

Primary reliance as defined by WHO; access does not guarantee affordability or exclusive use.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EG.CFT.ACCS.ZS ↗

Clean cooking access observations for Japan
Year% of population
2023100
2022100
2021100
2020100
2019100
2018100
2017100
2016100
2015100
2014100
2013100
2012100
2011100
2010100
2009100
2008100
2007100
2006100
2005100
2004100
2003100
2002100
2001100
2000100
environment2024

Electricity access

100 % of population
106.393.4GOAL 10020002024
North star

Reliable, affordable electricity for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of people with access to electricity.

Source, limitations & data

Connection alone does not measure reliability, affordability or clean generation.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS ↗

Electricity access observations for Japan
Year% of population
2024100
2023100
2022100
2021100
2020100
2019100
2018100
2017100
2016100
2015100
2014100
2013100
2012100
2011100
2010100
2009100
2008100
2007100
2006100
2005100
2004100
2003100
2002100
2001100
2000100
opportunity2020

Extreme poverty

1.2 % of population
1.60GOAL 020082020
North star

Zero extreme poverty

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People living on less than $3.00 a day at 2021 purchasing-power-parity prices.

Source, limitations & data

Survey-based; line and PPP base change across releases. The source metadata gives the exact current definition.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SI.POV.DDAY ↗

Extreme poverty observations for Japan
Year% of population
20201.2
20191.3
20181
20170.6
20160.7
20150.4
20140.7
20130.9
20121.4
20110.5
20100.6
20090.8
20081.1
opportunity2025

Unemployment

2.5 % of labor force
5.8220002025
North star

Decent work for everyone who wants it

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

People without work who are available and seeking work; ILO modeled estimate.

Source, limitations & data

Excludes people outside the labor force and does not establish job quality.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS ↗

Unemployment observations for Japan
Year% of labor force
20252.5
20242.5
20232.6
20222.6
20212.8
20202.8
20192.4
20182.5
20172.8
20163.1
20153.4
20143.6
20134
20124.4
20114.6
20105.1
20095.1
20084
20073.9
20064.2
20054.4
20044.7
20035.3
20025.4
20015
20004.7
opportunity2025

Employment-to-population ratio

61.9 % ages 15+
62.655.720002025
North star

Dignified, fairly paid work and genuine choice

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Share of people age 15+ who are employed; ILO modeled estimate.

Source, limitations & data

Age structure, education and unpaid care affect the rate. 100% employment is not an appropriate universal goal.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS ↗

Employment-to-population ratio observations for Japan
Year% ages 15+
202561.9
202461.7
202361.3
202260.9
202160.3
202060.2
201960.6
201859.9
201758.7
201658.1
201557.5
201457.3
201356.9
201256.4
201156.6
201056.5
200956.8
200857.7
200758
200657.9
200557.7
200457.6
200357.6
200257.9
200158.9
200059.5
opportunity2025

Income per person

48,283 international dollars, constant 2021 PPP
49.4K38.6K20002025
North star

Shared prosperity within ecological limits

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

GDP per person adjusted for purchasing power and inflation.

Source, limitations & data

Not household income, wealth or wellbeing; the current PPP base is specified in source metadata.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD ↗

Income per person observations for Japan
Yearinternational dollars, constant 2021 PPP
202548,283
202447,480
202347,387
202246,819
202145,999
202044,213
201946,055
201846,133
201745,693
201644,927
201544,589
201443,754
201343,304
201242,395
201141,641
201041,647
200940,000
200842,519
200743,042
200642,359
200541,740
200440,987
200340,152
200239,690
200139,749
200039,732
opportunity2020

Income inequality

32.3 Gini index 0–100
35.130.220082020
North star

Fair opportunity and less harmful inequality

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Distribution of income or consumption within a country.

Source, limitations & data

Income and consumption surveys are not interchangeable; sparse survey years are shown honestly.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SI.POV.GINI ↗

Income inequality observations for Japan
YearGini index 0–100
202032.3
201933
201832.9
201731.8
201631.8
201530.7
201431.3
201331.5
201232.5
201133
201031.5
200933
200834.6
opportunityDATA GAP

Primary-school completion

— % of relevant age group
○

No comparable national observation was found in the checked source feeds. Missing data is not zero.

North star

Every child completes quality primary education

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Completion rate for primary education.

Source, limitations & data

Gross enrollment-based ratios can exceed 100%; completion does not directly measure learning.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SE.PRM.CMPT.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Primary-school completion observations for Japan
Year% of relevant age group
opportunityDATA GAP

Adult literacy

— % adults 15+
○

No national rate for all adults ages 15+ was found. Youth-only, female-only and reading-proficiency tests are different measures.

North star

Literacy for every adult

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Adults who can read and write a short simple statement about everyday life.

Source, limitations & data

Sparse census or survey observations; national definitions and self-report can vary.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SE.ADT.LITR.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Adult literacy observations for Japan
Year% adults 15+
opportunity2024

Internet use

85.5 % of population
109.120.9GOAL 10020002024
North star

Meaningful digital access for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using the internet.

Source, limitations & data

Access does not establish affordability, safety, speed or digital literacy.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · IT.NET.USER.ZS ↗

Internet use observations for Japan
Year% of population
202485.5
202385
202284.9
202182.9
202090.2
201992.7
201888.7
201791.7
201693.2
201591.1
201489.1
201388.2
201279.5
201179.1
201078.2
200978
200875.4
200774.3
200668.7
200566.9
200462.4
200348.4
200246.6
200138.5
200030
opportunity2022

Birth registration

100 % children under 5
106.393.4GOAL 10020122022
North star

Every child counted and legally recognized

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five whose births have been registered with a civil authority.

Source, limitations & data

Survey or administrative coverage may differ; registration does not establish complete vital statistics.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.REG.BRTH.ZS ↗

Birth registration observations for Japan
Year% children under 5
2022100
2017100
2013100
2012100

A starting agenda for Japan

Turn the goals
into work.

This is a public-health agenda to adapt with local communities and professionals. Completion alone does not establish a quantified effect.

Prevent avoidable deaths

Protect life at every stage.

  • Expand timely, respectful maternal and newborn care.
  • Close gaps in routine vaccination and disease prevention.
  • Strengthen suicide prevention, mental-health care, and follow-up.
  • Reduce road injuries, violence, and avoidable chronic-disease deaths.
WHO suicide-prevention evidence ↗
Reduce health loss

Make effective care reachable.

  • Improve access to primary care and essential medicines.
  • Detect and treat disease earlier.
  • Provide rehabilitation, pain relief, and disability support.
  • Protect households from harmful health-care costs.
WHO universal health coverage ↗
Build healthy conditions

Support the foundations of life.

  • Deliver safe water, sanitation, hygiene, and clean cooking.
  • Reduce harmful air pollution and child malnutrition.
  • Expand quality education, decent work, and social protection.
  • Publish results and identify who is still being left behind.
International development goals ↗

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