UNIFIED
NATIONS

Every life matters. The work is urgent.

OUR GREAT WORK
IS NOT OVER.

Zero suicide. Zero needless suffering. Zero poverty.
Every country still has work to do.

Find the work we can do now ↓
Next death · average-rate clock02:50.71minutes:seconds remaining in this repeating cycle

One death every 170.7 seconds on average.

EVERY LIFE COUNTSAverage-rate illustration
Not a live report
Next suicide · average-rate clock2:30:39.87hours:minutes:seconds remaining in this repeating cycle

One death every 9,039.87 seconds on average.

EVERY LIFE COUNTSAverage-rate illustration
Not a live report
Published average intervals; enable JavaScript for repeating countdowns.

Australia · WHO 2023 · 1/1 countries. Annual totals ÷ seconds in the source year set the rate. These are illustrative averages, not real-time death reports or predictions. The death clock includes all causes, including deaths that cannot currently be prevented. Sources & calculation ↗

World dashboard / Australia

East Asia & Pacific · UN member

AustraliaAUSA healthier future.

Australia’s health dashboard connects the latest available evidence with a shared horizon: zero suicide, zero needless suffering, zero poverty, and longer healthy lives.

North-star health score · v25.4 / 100

10/12 core measures · 2020–2024

Life expectancy83.1

Years · 2024

Healthy life expectancy69.5

Years · 2023

Indicator coverage47 / 52

Dated numerical series · 1 source-context notes.

Inspect Australia’s score components

Version 2 is a deliberately demanding editorial measure of distance to the north stars, not an official WHO/UN index or the percentage of people who are healthy. Strong services cannot cancel out ongoing suicide, health loss, or extreme poverty. At least 9 of 12 core measures and all three recent zero-harm inputs are required. Missing inputs suppress the final score, rather than implying success. Health loss is a proxy broader than avoidable suffering; the $3.00/day measure covers extreme poverty, not every form of deprivation. Lower scores under this new method are a recalibration, not evidence of deterioration.

MeasureYearValueFoundation component score
Life expectancy202483.182.6
Under-five mortality20243.696.4
Maternal mortality2023299.6
Suicide mortality202113.147.7
Premature chronic-disease mortality20218.376.3
Tuberculosis incidence20246.998.6
Essential health-service coverage20238989
DTP immunization20249393
Safely managed sanitation202495.895.8
Fine-particle air pollution20236.497.4
Zero suicide

13.19 deaths per 100,000 people · 2023

Score multiplier ×0.275
Zero needless suffering

0.276 DALYs per person; health-loss proxy · 2023

Score multiplier ×0.266
Zero poverty

0.9 % below $3.00/day (2021 PPP); extreme-poverty proxy · 2020

Score multiplier ×0.847

A deliberately demanding measure of distance to the goals. Version 2 changes the method, not the underlying observations. Health loss is not all needless suffering; the poverty input measures extreme poverty. See the formula and limits ↗

Explore 52 indicators ↓The action agenda ↗

The human stakes

More life.
Less suffering.

Choose a reduction in the measured annual burden. This is a transparent scenario, not a forecast that completing a checklist will deliver it.

0%50%100% theoretical ceiling
Annual deaths avoided46.2K

Of 184.7K deaths in the covered population.

Years of life restored822.5K

Years lost to premature mortality (YLL).

Health loss diminished1M

Disability-weighted years (YLD), a health-loss measure.

Healthy life-years reclaimed1.8M

YLL + YLD = DALYs. 22.8K equivalent 80-year healthy lifetimes.

Australia · 2023

WHO modeled all-cause estimates; same release and reference year. These four measures overlap and must not be added. DALYs quantify health loss, not every form of suffering. An equivalent lifetime is a unit conversion, not a person saved. All-cause deaths include deaths that cannot currently be prevented; 100% is an arithmetic ceiling.

See the calculation and its limits ↗

Australia · the evidence

The trends.
The north stars.

Mint traces measured observations. Gold marks numerical goals. Lines connect available observations, which can be years apart. Non-numerical goals are explained in each card. Historical figures, model caveats and source-backed status notes stay visible. A gap is an invitation to improve measurement.

52 indicators

outcomes2024

Life expectancy

83.1 years
91.477.8GOAL 9020002024
North star

90 years of life, with health and dignity

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Expected lifespan at birth under the year’s mortality patterns.

Source, limitations & data

Period measure, not a prediction for an individual. National averages conceal inequalities.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.DYN.LE00.IN ↗

Life expectancy observations for Australia
Yearyears
202483.1
202383.1
202283.2
202183.3
202083.2
201982.9
201882.7
201782.5
201682.4
201582.4
201482.3
201382.1
201282
201181.9
201081.7
200981.5
200881.4
200781.3
200681
200580.8
200480.5
200380.2
200279.9
200179.6
200079.2
burden2023

Healthy life expectancy

69.5 years
81.666.3GOAL 8020002023
North star

80 years lived in full health

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Expected years lived in full health at birth under current mortality and morbidity patterns.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled HALE estimates incorporate severity weights. This is not a measure of happiness or all suffering.

World Health Organization · WHOSIS_000002 ↗

Healthy life expectancy observations for Australia
Yearyears
202369.5
202269.1
202169.6
202069.8
201969.5
201869.8
201769.5
201669.5
201569.3
201469.4
201369.5
201269.3
201169.1
201069.1
200969
200868.7
200768.8
200668.6
200568.5
200468.5
200368.4
200268.2
200168.1
200067.9
outcomes2024

Under-five mortality

3.6 per 1,000 live births
70GOAL 020002024
North star

Zero preventable child deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030: at most 25 per 1,000 · Interim target ↗

Probability of dying before age five, per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled UN inter-agency estimate. Infant and neonatal deaths are included; never add these counts.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.MORT ↗

Under-five mortality observations for Australia
Yearper 1,000 live births
20243.6
20233.7
20223.7
20213.7
20203.8
20193.8
20183.8
20173.8
20163.8
20153.9
20144
20134.1
20124.3
20114.5
20104.8
20095
20085.2
20075.4
20065.6
20055.7
20045.8
20035.9
20026
20016.1
20006.2
outcomes2024

Infant mortality

3.1 per 1,000 live births
5.80GOAL 020002024
North star

Zero preventable infant deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Probability of dying before age one, per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

A subset of under-five mortality; not additive with child or neonatal deaths.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.DYN.IMRT.IN ↗

Infant mortality observations for Australia
Yearper 1,000 live births
20243.1
20233.1
20223.2
20213.2
20203.2
20193.2
20183.2
20173.2
20163.2
20153.3
20143.4
20133.5
20123.6
20113.8
20104
20094.2
20084.4
20074.5
20064.7
20054.8
20044.8
20034.9
20024.9
20015
20005.1
outcomes2024

Neonatal mortality

2.3 per 1,000 live births
40GOAL 020002024
North star

Zero preventable newborn deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030: at most 12 per 1,000 · Interim target ↗

Deaths in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

A subset of infant and under-five mortality; these are overlapping categories.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.NMRT ↗

Neonatal mortality observations for Australia
Yearper 1,000 live births
20242.3
20232.3
20222.3
20212.4
20202.4
20192.4
20182.3
20172.3
20162.3
20152.4
20142.4
20132.4
20122.5
20112.6
20102.8
20092.9
20083
20073.1
20063.2
20053.3
20043.3
20033.4
20023.4
20013.5
20003.5
outcomes2023

Maternal mortality

2 per 100,000 live births
7.90GOAL 020002023
North star

Zero preventable maternal deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030 global ratio: below 70 · Interim target ↗

Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled estimate with uncertainty. The denominator is births, not total population.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.MMRT ↗

Maternal mortality observations for Australia
Yearper 100,000 live births
20232
20224
20214
20205
20195
20185
20176
20166
20156
20146
20136
20126
20116
20105
20095
20085
20075
20065
20055
20045
20035
20026
20016
20007
outcomes2021

Suicide mortality

13.1 per 100,000 people
15.80GOAL 020002021
North star

Zero suicide deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled crude rate, not age-standardized. Reporting and classification differ; lower reported rates can reflect undercounting.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.SUIC.P5 ↗

Suicide mortality observations for Australia
Yearper 100,000 people
202113.1
202013
201914
201813.4
201713.9
201612.5
201513.6
201413.1
201311.9
201212.2
201111.6
201012.1
200911.7
200812.1
200711.5
200611.2
200511.7
200410.8
200311.1
200212.2
200113
200012.8
outcomes2019

Road-traffic mortality

4.9 per 100,000 people
11.20GOAL 020002019
North star

Zero deaths and serious injuries on the roads

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated annual deaths from road-traffic injuries per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Population-based WHO rate, not deaths per distance travelled.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.TRAF.P5 ↗

Road-traffic mortality observations for Australia
Yearper 100,000 people
20194.9
20184.8
20175.2
20165.6
20155.2
20145.4
20135.3
20125.8
20115.9
20106.5
20097.1
20087.1
20077.9
20068
20058.3
20048.2
20038.5
20029.1
20019.3
20009.9
outcomes2023

Intentional homicide

0.9 per 100,000 people
2.10GOAL 020002023
North star

Zero intentional homicides

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 people.

Source, limitations & data

UNODC-based estimates. Reporting and conflict-death definitions vary.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · VC.IHR.PSRC.P5 ↗

Intentional homicide observations for Australia
Yearper 100,000 people
20230.9
20220.8
20210.7
20200.9
20190.9
20180.9
20170.8
20160.9
20151
20141
20131.1
20121.1
20111.1
20101
20091.2
20081.2
20071.2
20061.4
20051.3
20041.3
20031.5
20021.9
20011.8
20001.9
outcomes2021

Premature chronic-disease mortality

8.3 % probability ages 30–70
14.70GOAL 020002021
North star

End avoidable premature deaths from major chronic diseases

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Probability of dying between ages 30 and 70 from cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease.

Source, limitations & data

Not a death rate or all chronic diseases. Cannot multiply by population to produce annual deaths.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS ↗

Premature chronic-disease mortality observations for Australia
Year% probability ages 30–70
20218.3
20208.3
20199
20188.7
20178.7
20169
20159.3
20149.3
20139.4
20129.4
20119.8
20109.9
200910.1
200810.5
200710.7
200610.9
200511.4
200411.5
200311.8
200212.3
200112.6
200013
burden2023

Healthy life-years lost

7,305,779 healthy life-years
8.3M0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

DALYs combine years lost to premature mortality and severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss.

Source, limitations & data

DALY = YLL + YLD. A burden baseline, not proof that all loss can be avoided; not an estimate of all human suffering.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Healthy life-years lost observations for Australia
Yearhealthy life-years
20237,305,779
20227,377,038
20217,001,341
20206,792,192
20196,846,360
20156,365,933
20105,854,653
20005,238,842
burden2023

Life-years lost to premature death

3,290,016 life-years
3.9M0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO years of life lost (YLL) relative to its reference life table.

Source, limitations & data

Different from number of people dying; one death can account for many life-years.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Life-years lost to premature death observations for Australia
Yearlife-years
20233,290,016
20223,418,520
20213,133,719
20202,988,569
20193,142,607
20152,965,003
20102,753,839
20002,733,495
burden2023

Years of nonfatal health loss

4,015,763 healthy life-years
4.5M0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Severity-weighted years lived with disease or disability (YLD), adjusted for comorbidity by the source.

Source, limitations & data

A health-loss proxy, not a valuation of people with disabilities or a direct measure of distress, poverty, or all suffering.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Years of nonfatal health loss observations for Australia
Yearhealthy life-years
20234,015,763
20223,958,518
20213,867,621
20203,803,623
20193,703,753
20153,400,930
20103,100,814
20002,505,348
outcomes2023

All-cause deaths

184,741 deaths
201.5K118.1K20002023
North star

Prevent avoidable deaths and extend healthy life

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

WHO estimated all-cause deaths in the reference year.

Source, limitations & data

Deaths are a baseline; no programme can be assumed to eliminate all mortality.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

All-cause deaths observations for Australia
Yeardeaths
2023184,741
2022192,865
2021173,656
2020162,622
2019170,321
2015159,053
2010141,809
2000126,726
outcomes2023

Suicide deaths

3,489 deaths
4K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Zero suicide deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO estimated deaths from intentional self-harm, both sexes and all ages.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled cause-specific estimate; reporting and classification can undercount suicide. Included in all-cause deaths; never add it again.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Suicide deaths observations for Australia
Yeardeaths
20233,489
20223,486
20213,504
20203,406
20193,484
20153,222
20102,628
20002,458
burden2023

Depressive-disorder health loss

199,480 healthy life-years
239.8K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from depressive disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not case counts or direct distress. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Depressive-disorder health loss observations for Australia
Yearhealthy life-years
2023199,480
2022212,236
2021204,588
2020201,451
2019186,847
2015169,028
2010151,303
2000127,100
burden2023

Anxiety-disorder health loss

348,970 healthy life-years
394.3K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from anxiety disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not case counts. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Anxiety-disorder health loss observations for Australia
Yearhealthy life-years
2023348,970
2022321,174
2021302,156
2020292,725
2019258,835
2015211,680
2010163,669
2000107,158
burden2023

Alcohol-disorder health loss

47,344 healthy life-years
53.5K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from alcohol use disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD. Alcohol-related injuries and other disease burdens sit in other categories; included in total YLD.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Alcohol-disorder health loss observations for Australia
Yearhealthy life-years
202347,344
202246,266
202146,539
202046,695
201946,679
201544,345
201038,593
200034,796
burden2023

Drug-disorder health loss

70,894 healthy life-years
80.9K0GOAL 020002023
North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from drug use disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not overdose deaths. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Drug-disorder health loss observations for Australia
Yearhealthy life-years
202370,894
202268,897
202169,247
202070,412
201971,123
201571,608
201068,980
200058,640
disease2024

Tuberculosis incidence

6.9 per 100,000 people
8.10GOAL 020002024
North star

End tuberculosis

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated new and relapsed tuberculosis cases per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled incidence includes uncertainty; not the number of reported diagnoses.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.TBS.INCD ↗

Tuberculosis incidence observations for Australia
Yearper 100,000 people
20246.9
20236.2
20225.6
20216.5
20207.2
20196.8
20186.5
20176.6
20166.5
20156
20146.5
20136.3
20126.7
20116.6
20106.8
20097.2
20086.9
20076.5
20066.9
20056.3
20046.6
20035.9
20026.4
20016.3
20006.8
disease2022

New HIV infections

0.1 per 1,000 uninfected ages 15–49
0.1130GOAL 020002022
North star

Zero new HIV infections

Unified Nations aspirational north star

New HIV infections among uninfected adults ages 15–49.

Source, limitations & data

Denominator is uninfected adults in this age group, not the whole population.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.HIV.INCD.ZS ↗

New HIV infections observations for Australia
Yearper 1,000 uninfected ages 15–49
20220.1
20210.1
20200.1
20190.1
20180.1
20170.1
20160.1
20150.1
20140.1
20130.1
20120.1
20110.1
20100.1
20090.1
20080.1
20070.1
20060.1
20050.1
20040.1
20030.1
20020.1
20010.1
20000.1
diseaseSOURCE CONTEXT

Malaria incidence

— per 1,000 at risk
○

No applicable national at-risk incidence rate was found. Non-relevant source zeros and malaria-free status are not treated as numerical incidence estimates.

North star

End malaria

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated new malaria cases per 1,000 people at risk.

Source, limitations & data

At-risk population differs from total population. No observation is not zero or proof of elimination.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MLR.INCD.P3 ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Malaria incidence observations for Australia
Yearper 1,000 at risk
disease2024

Diabetes prevalence

7.4 % ages 20–79
8.4020002024
North star

Prevent avoidable diabetes and support everyone living with it

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Share of adults ages 20–79 living with diabetes.

Source, limitations & data

A modeled prevalence estimate; diagnosis, treatment, and control matter alongside prevention.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.DIAB.ZS ↗

Diabetes prevalence observations for Australia
Year% ages 20–79
20247.4
20116.6
20000
disease2024

Tobacco use

11.6 % adults 15+
28.10GOAL 020002024
North star

A tobacco-free future

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use in adults.

Source, limitations & data

Includes smoked and smokeless tobacco as defined by the source; a modeled estimate.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.PRV.SMOK ↗

Tobacco use observations for Australia
Year% adults 15+
202411.6
202312
202212.4
202013.2
201515.4
201018.1
200719.9
200521.2
200024.9
disease2020

Alcohol consumption

10.3 litres pure alcohol per adult 15+
11.49.920002020
North star

Minimize alcohol-related harm

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Annual total alcohol consumption per person age 15+.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled/projected estimate includes recorded and estimated unrecorded consumption, adjusted for tourism; not a measure of distribution or dependence.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.ALC.PCAP.LI ↗

Alcohol consumption observations for Australia
Yearlitres pure alcohol per adult 15+
202010.3
201910.1
201810.1
201710.2
201610.3
201510.4
201410.5
201310.6
201210.7
201110.9
201011.1
200911.3
200811.3
200711.2
200611.1
200510.8
200410.7
200310.6
200210.5
200110.6
200010.6
disease2007

Child stunting

1.9 % children under 5

Historical evidence · 2007. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

2.10GOAL 020072007
North star

Zero child stunting

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five with low height for age relative to the WHO growth standard.

Source, limitations & data

Survey and modeled series vary; reflects cumulative deprivation, not every cause of poor nutrition.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.STNT.ZS ↗

Child stunting observations for Australia
Year% children under 5
20071.9
disease2007

Child wasting

0.2 % children under 5

Historical evidence · 2007. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

0.2260GOAL 020072007
North star

Zero child wasting

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five with low weight for height relative to the WHO growth standard.

Source, limitations & data

Sparse household surveys; a national observation can miss local or seasonal emergencies.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.WAST.ZS ↗

Child wasting observations for Australia
Year% children under 5
20070.2
disease2023

Undernourishment

2.5 % of population
2.80GOAL 020012023
North star

Zero hunger

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of people with insufficient dietary energy intake.

Source, limitations & data

FAO modeled estimate; values below 2.5% may be censored in source presentation.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS ↗

Undernourishment observations for Australia
Year% of population
20232.5
20222.5
20212.5
20202.5
20192.5
20182.5
20172.5
20162.5
20152.5
20142.5
20132.5
20122.5
20112.5
20102.5
20092.5
20082.5
20072.5
20062.5
20052.5
20042.5
20032.5
20022.5
20012.5
care2023

Essential health-service coverage

89 index 0–100
102.181.9GOAL 10020002023
North star

Universal access to essential health services

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Universal health coverage service coverage index across essential health services.

Source, limitations & data

A tracer-service index, not a claim that every person receives care or financial protection.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH_UHC_SCI ↗

Essential health-service coverage observations for Australia
Yearindex 0–100
202389
202289
202189
202089
201989
201889
201789
201689
201589
201489
201389
201289
201188
201088
200987
200887
200787
200686
200586
200486
200386
200285
200185
200084
care2024

DTP immunization

93 % children ages 12–23 months
101.388.7GOAL 10020002024
North star

Every child protected by routine vaccination

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of children ages 12–23 months receiving three doses of DTP vaccine.

Source, limitations & data

Coverage does not measure every vaccine, timeliness, or equitable access.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.IMM.IDPT ↗

DTP immunization observations for Australia
Year% children ages 12–23 months
202493
202394
202294
202195
202095
201995
201895
201795
201694
201593
201492
201391
201292
201192
201092
200992
200892
200792
200692
200592
200492
200393
200292
200192
200090
care2024

Measles immunization

91 % children ages 12–23 months
101.289.8GOAL 10020002024
North star

Every child protected against measles

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of children ages 12–23 months receiving a measles vaccine.

Source, limitations & data

One vaccine-dose indicator, not proof of community immunity or complete schedules.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.IMM.MEAS ↗

Measles immunization observations for Australia
Year% children ages 12–23 months
202491
202391
202296
202193
202093
201994
201894
201794
201695
201595
201494
201394
201294
201194
201094
200994
200894
200794
200694
200594
200494
200394
200294
200192
200091
care2020

Skilled birth attendance

96 % of births
100.595.5GOAL 10020002020
North star

Every birth supported by skilled, respectful care

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Births attended by skilled health personnel.

Source, limitations & data

Presence of a skilled attendant does not establish quality, emergency access, or respectful care.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.BRTC.ZS ↗

Skilled birth attendance observations for Australia
Year% of births
202096
201998.8
201898.7
201799.4
201698.8
201598.8
201499.8
201399
201299.2
201199.1
201099.1
200999.1
200899.1
200799.2
200699.3
200599.4
200499.3
200399.3
200299.3
200199.3
200099.3
care2024

Adolescent birth rate

6.4 births per 1,000 women ages 15–19
19.74.920002024
North star

Prevent unintended adolescent pregnancy and support young parents

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Births per 1,000 women ages 15–19.

Source, limitations & data

Births alone do not establish intention or agency; reproductive choice and access to care matter.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.ADO.TFRT ↗

Adolescent birth rate observations for Australia
Yearbirths per 1,000 women ages 15–19
20246.4
20236.7
20226.7
20217.1
20207.7
20198.8
20189.7
201710.2
201610.9
201512
201413.1
201314.7
201216
201116.3
201017.1
200917.8
200818.2
200717.1
200616.1
200516.5
200416.1
200316.3
200217.2
200117.6
200017.8
care2023

Current health expenditure

10.4 % of GDP
11.17.220002023
North star

Affordable, effective care with fair financial protection

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Current health expenditure as a share of GDP.

Source, limitations & data

More spending is not automatically better outcomes; excludes capital expenditure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS ↗

Current health expenditure observations for Australia
Year% of GDP
202310.4
20229.9
202110.5
202010.7
201910.3
201810.1
201710.1
201610.1
201510.1
20149.8
20138.7
20128.7
20118.5
20108.4
20098.5
20088.2
20078.1
20068
20058
20048.1
20037.9
20027.9
20017.7
20007.6
care2023

Out-of-pocket health costs

15.8 % of health expenditure
21.813.620002023
North star

No one pushed into hardship by the cost of care

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Out-of-pocket spending as a share of current health expenditure.

Source, limitations & data

Not the share of household income spent on health, and not a direct catastrophic-spending measure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.XPD.OOPC.CH.ZS ↗

Out-of-pocket health costs observations for Australia
Year% of health expenditure
202315.8
202215.1
202114.5
202015.2
201915
201816.5
201716.3
201616.6
201516.9
201417.8
201319.5
201219.9
201119.2
201019.7
200919.1
200819
200719
200619.7
200519.6
200419.2
200319.1
200219.9
200120.4
200021
care2022

Physician availability

4.1 per 1,000 people
4.32.320002022
North star

Timely access to qualified health professionals

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Number of physicians per 1,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Counts can combine practicing or registered staff depending on country; distribution and quality matter.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MED.PHYS.ZS ↗

Physician availability observations for Australia
Yearper 1,000 people
20224.1
20214
20203.9
20193.8
20183.7
20173.7
20163.6
20153.5
20143.4
20133.4
20123.3
20113.3
20103.3
20093.1
20083
20073
20062.8
20052.8
20042.7
20032.6
20022.5
20012.6
20002.5
care2022

Nurses & midwives

13.5 per 1,000 people
14.19.220002022
North star

Adequate nursing and midwifery care everywhere

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Nursing and midwifery personnel per 1,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Country reporting and occupational coverage differ; national density conceals shortages.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MED.NUMW.P3 ↗

Nurses & midwives observations for Australia
Yearper 1,000 people
202213.5
202113.6
202013.2
201913.1
201812.8
201712.5
201612.4
201512.2
201412.1
201312
201210.2
201110.8
201010.4
200910.7
200810.2
200710.1
20059.7
200410.2
20039.9
20029.9
200110.5
200010
environmentDATA GAP

Safely managed drinking water

— % of population
○

No national estimate meeting this definition was found. Basic access, urban-only and rural-only coverage are separate measures.

North star

Safe drinking water for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using drinking water that is on premises, available when needed, and free from contamination.

Source, limitations & data

WHO/UNICEF JMP estimate. Missing safely managed data must not be substituted silently with basic access.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.H2O.SMDW.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Safely managed drinking water observations for Australia
Year% of population
environment2024

Safely managed sanitation

95.8 % of population
100.892.9GOAL 10020002024
North star

Safe sanitation for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using improved, unshared sanitation with safe disposal or treatment of excreta.

Source, limitations & data

WHO/UNICEF JMP estimate. Basic sanitation is a separate, less stringent measure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.SMSS.ZS ↗

Safely managed sanitation observations for Australia
Year% of population
202495.8
202395.7
202295.6
202195.5
202095.4
201995.3
201895.3
201795.2
201695.1
201595
201494.9
201394.8
201294.8
201194.7
201094.6
200994.5
200894.4
200794.3
200694.2
200594.2
200494.1
200394
200293.9
200193.8
200093.7
environmentDATA GAP

Handwashing facilities

— % of population
○

No national estimate meeting this definition was found. Basic access, urban-only and rural-only coverage are separate measures.

North star

Soap, water, and hygiene access for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People with a handwashing facility with soap and water at home.

Source, limitations & data

Limited survey coverage; presence does not establish consistent use.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.HYGN.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Handwashing facilities observations for Australia
Year% of population
environment2023

Fine-particle air pollution

6.4 µg/m³
9.94.4GOAL 520002023
North star

WHO guideline: annual PM2.5 at most 5 µg/m³

WHO air-quality guideline · Target source ↗

Population-weighted annual mean exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5).

Source, limitations & data

Modeled national exposure. Local hotspots and personal exposure differ.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 ↗

Fine-particle air pollution observations for Australia
Yearµg/m³
20236.4
20225.3
20215.5
20206.8
20199.3
20186.1
20175.8
20165.8
20155.9
20146
20136
20125.4
20115.4
20105.3
20096.9
20086
20076
20066
20055.7
20045.8
20036.5
20026.4
20016.2
20006.2
environment2023

Clean cooking access

100 % of population
106.393.4GOAL 10020002023
North star

Clean cooking without harmful household smoke

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People with access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking.

Source, limitations & data

Primary reliance as defined by WHO; access does not guarantee affordability or exclusive use.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EG.CFT.ACCS.ZS ↗

Clean cooking access observations for Australia
Year% of population
2023100
2022100
2021100
2020100
2019100
2018100
2017100
2016100
2015100
2014100
2013100
2012100
2011100
2010100
2009100
2008100
2007100
2006100
2005100
2004100
2003100
2002100
2001100
2000100
environment2024

Electricity access

100 % of population
106.393.4GOAL 10020002024
North star

Reliable, affordable electricity for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of people with access to electricity.

Source, limitations & data

Connection alone does not measure reliability, affordability or clean generation.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS ↗

Electricity access observations for Australia
Year% of population
2024100
2023100
2022100
2021100
2020100
2019100
2018100
2017100
2016100
2015100
2014100
2013100
2012100
2011100
2010100
2009100
2008100
2007100
2006100
2005100
2004100
2003100
2002100
2001100
2000100
opportunity2020

Extreme poverty

0.9 % of population
1.20GOAL 020012020
North star

Zero extreme poverty

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People living on less than $3.00 a day at 2021 purchasing-power-parity prices.

Source, limitations & data

Survey-based; line and PPP base change across releases. The source metadata gives the exact current definition.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SI.POV.DDAY ↗

Extreme poverty observations for Australia
Year% of population
20200.9
20180.6
20160.5
20140.6
20100.5
20080.5
20040.7
20031.1
20010.9
opportunity2025

Unemployment

4.1 % of labor force
7.13.320002025
North star

Decent work for everyone who wants it

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

People without work who are available and seeking work; ILO modeled estimate.

Source, limitations & data

Excludes people outside the labor force and does not establish job quality.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS ↗

Unemployment observations for Australia
Year% of labor force
20254.1
20243.9
20233.7
20223.7
20215
20206.4
20195.1
20185.3
20175.6
20165.7
20156.1
20146.1
20135.7
20125.2
20115.1
20105.2
20095.6
20084.2
20074.4
20064.8
20055
20045.4
20035.9
20026.4
20016.7
20006.3
opportunity2025

Employment-to-population ratio

63.8 % ages 15+
65.358.520002025
North star

Dignified, fairly paid work and genuine choice

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Share of people age 15+ who are employed; ILO modeled estimate.

Source, limitations & data

Age structure, education and unpaid care affect the rate. 100% employment is not an appropriate universal goal.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS ↗

Employment-to-population ratio observations for Australia
Year% ages 15+
202563.8
202464.1
202364.6
202264.4
202162.8
202060.9
201962.7
201862.3
201761.6
201661.2
201561.1
201460.8
201361.3
201261.8
201162.2
201062.1
200961.9
200862.8
200762.4
200661.7
200561.3
200460.1
200359.9
200259.5
200159.2
200059.3
opportunity2025

Income per person

60,194 international dollars, constant 2021 PPP
62.7K43.1K20002025
North star

Shared prosperity within ecological limits

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

GDP per person adjusted for purchasing power and inflation.

Source, limitations & data

Not household income, wealth or wellbeing; the current PPP base is specified in source metadata.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD ↗

Income per person observations for Australia
Yearinternational dollars, constant 2021 PPP
202560,194
202460,310
202360,685
202260,029
202158,327
202057,260
201958,049
201857,648
201756,882
201656,530
201555,880
201455,489
201354,895
201254,404
201153,257
201052,739
200952,408
200852,473
200751,663
200650,694
200549,997
200449,061
200347,581
200246,688
200145,428
200045,099
opportunity2020

Income inequality

33.8 Gini index 0–100
35.732.820012020
North star

Fair opportunity and less harmful inequality

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Distribution of income or consumption within a country.

Source, limitations & data

Income and consumption surveys are not interchangeable; sparse survey years are shown honestly.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SI.POV.GINI ↗

Income inequality observations for Australia
YearGini index 0–100
202033.8
201834.3
201633.7
201434.4
201034.7
200835.4
200433.1
200333.5
200133.5
opportunityDATA GAP

Primary-school completion

— % of relevant age group
○

No comparable national observation was found in the checked source feeds. Missing data is not zero.

North star

Every child completes quality primary education

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Completion rate for primary education.

Source, limitations & data

Gross enrollment-based ratios can exceed 100%; completion does not directly measure learning.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SE.PRM.CMPT.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Primary-school completion observations for Australia
Year% of relevant age group
opportunityDATA GAP

Adult literacy

— % adults 15+
○

No national rate for all adults ages 15+ was found. Youth-only, female-only and reading-proficiency tests are different measures.

North star

Literacy for every adult

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Adults who can read and write a short simple statement about everyday life.

Source, limitations & data

Sparse census or survey observations; national definitions and self-report can vary.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SE.ADT.LITR.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Adult literacy observations for Australia
Year% adults 15+
opportunity2024

Internet use

96.1 % of population
106.939.8GOAL 10020002024
North star

Meaningful digital access for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using the internet.

Source, limitations & data

Access does not establish affordability, safety, speed or digital literacy.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · IT.NET.USER.ZS ↗

Internet use observations for Australia
Year% of population
202496.1
202396.1
202296.1
202197
202094.7
201993.6
201890
201786.5
201686.5
201584.6
201484
201383.5
201279
201179.5
201076
200974.3
200871.7
200769.5
200666
200563
200152.7
200046.8
opportunity2022

Birth registration

100 % children under 5
106.393.4GOAL 10020122022
North star

Every child counted and legally recognized

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five whose births have been registered with a civil authority.

Source, limitations & data

Survey or administrative coverage may differ; registration does not establish complete vital statistics.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.REG.BRTH.ZS ↗

Birth registration observations for Australia
Year% children under 5
2022100
2017100
2013100
2012100

A starting agenda for Australia

Turn the goals
into work.

This is a public-health agenda to adapt with local communities and professionals. Completion alone does not establish a quantified effect.

Prevent avoidable deaths

Protect life at every stage.

  • Expand timely, respectful maternal and newborn care.
  • Close gaps in routine vaccination and disease prevention.
  • Strengthen suicide prevention, mental-health care, and follow-up.
  • Reduce road injuries, violence, and avoidable chronic-disease deaths.
WHO suicide-prevention evidence ↗
Reduce health loss

Make effective care reachable.

  • Improve access to primary care and essential medicines.
  • Detect and treat disease earlier.
  • Provide rehabilitation, pain relief, and disability support.
  • Protect households from harmful health-care costs.
WHO universal health coverage ↗
Build healthy conditions

Support the foundations of life.

  • Deliver safe water, sanitation, hygiene, and clean cooking.
  • Reduce harmful air pollution and child malnutrition.
  • Expand quality education, decent work, and social protection.
  • Publish results and identify who is still being left behind.
International development goals ↗

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