Every life matters. The work is urgent.

OUR GREAT WORK
IS NOT OVER.

Zero suicide. Zero needless suffering. Zero poverty.
Every country still has work to do.

Find the work we can do now ↓

Next death · average-rate clock01:38.87minutes:seconds remaining in this repeating cycle

One death every 98.87 seconds on average.

EVERY LIFE COUNTSAverage-rate illustration
Not a live report

Next suicide · average-rate clock1:59:44.18hours:minutes:seconds remaining in this repeating cycle

One death every 7,184.18 seconds on average.

EVERY LIFE COUNTSAverage-rate illustration
Not a live report

Published average intervals; enable JavaScript for repeating countdowns.

Kenya · WHO 2023 · 1/1 countries. Annual totals ÷ seconds in the source year set the rate. These are illustrative averages, not real-time death reports or predictions. The death clock includes all causes, including deaths that cannot currently be prevented. Sources & calculation ↗

Sub-Saharan Africa · UN member

KenyaKENA healthier future.

Kenya’s health dashboard connects the latest available evidence with a shared horizon: zero suicide, zero needless suffering, zero poverty, and longer healthy lives.

North-star health score · v20.5 / 100

11/12 core measures · 2021–2024

Life expectancy63.8

Years · 2024

Healthy life expectancy58.9

Years · 2023

Indicator coverage51 / 52

Dated numerical series · 0 source-context notes.

Inspect Kenya’s score components

Version 2 is a deliberately demanding editorial measure of distance to the north stars, not an official WHO/UN index or the percentage of people who are healthy. Strong services cannot cancel out ongoing suicide, health loss, or extreme poverty. At least 9 of 12 core measures and all three recent zero-harm inputs are required. Missing inputs suppress the final score, rather than implying success. Health loss is a proxy broader than avoidable suffering; the $3.00/day measure covers extreme poverty, not every form of deprivation. Lower scores under this new method are a recalibration, not evidence of deterioration.

Measure	Year	Value	Foundation component score
Life expectancy	2024	63.8	34.6
Under-five mortality	2024	38.8	61.2
Maternal mortality	2023	149	70.2
Suicide mortality	2021	4.6	81.7
Premature chronic-disease mortality	2021	18	48.6
Tuberculosis incidence	2024	207	58.6
Child stunting	2022	17.6	64.8
Essential health-service coverage	2023	57	57
DTP immunization	2024	91	91
Safely managed sanitation	2024	35.8	35.8
Fine-particle air pollution	2023	20.3	72.3

Zero suicide

7.93 deaths per 100,000 people · 2023

Score multiplier ×0.387

Zero needless suffering

0.355 DALYs per person; health-loss proxy · 2023

Score multiplier ×0.22

Zero poverty

45.5 % below $3.00/day (2021 PPP); extreme-poverty proxy · 2022

Score multiplier ×0.099

A deliberately demanding measure of distance to the goals. Version 2 changes the method, not the underlying observations. Health loss is not all needless suffering; the poverty input measures extreme poverty. See the formula and limits ↗

Explore 52 indicators ↓The action agenda ↗

The human stakes

More life.
Less suffering.

Choose a reduction in the measured annual burden. This is a transparent scenario, not a forecast that completing a checklist will deliver it.

Illustrative reduction 25%

0%50%100% theoretical ceiling

Annual deaths avoided79.7K

Of 319K deaths in the covered population.

Years of life restored3.6M

Years lost to premature mortality (YLL).

Health loss diminished1.3M

Disability-weighted years (YLD), a health-loss measure.

Healthy life-years reclaimed4.9M

YLL + YLD = DALYs. 61.5K equivalent 80-year healthy lifetimes.

Kenya · 2023

WHO modeled all-cause estimates; same release and reference year. These four measures overlap and must not be added. DALYs quantify health loss, not every form of suffering. An equivalent lifetime is a unit conversion, not a person saved. All-cause deaths include deaths that cannot currently be prevented; 100% is an arithmetic ceiling.

See the calculation and its limits ↗

Kenya · the evidence

The trends.
The north stars.

Mint traces measured observations. Gold marks numerical goals. Lines connect available observations, which can be years apart. Non-numerical goals are explained in each card. Historical figures, model caveats and source-backed status notes stay visible. A gap is an invitation to improve measurement.

Find an indicator

52 indicators

outcomes2024

Life expectancy

63.8 years

North star

90 years of life, with health and dignity

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Expected lifespan at birth under the year’s mortality patterns.

Source, limitations & data

Period measure, not a prediction for an individual. National averages conceal inequalities.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.DYN.LE00.IN ↗

Life expectancy observations for Kenya
Year	years
2024	63.8
2023	63.6
2022	63.5
2021	61.2
2020	61.6
2019	62.9
2018	62.8
2017	62.7
2016	62.5
2015	62.3
2014	62
2013	61.7
2012	61.5
2011	61.3
2010	60.9
2009	60.5
2008	60
2007	59.4
2006	59.1
2005	58.5
2004	57.9
2003	57.4
2002	56.8
2001	56.5
2000	56.1

burden2023

Healthy life expectancy

58.9 years

North star

80 years lived in full health

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Expected years lived in full health at birth under current mortality and morbidity patterns.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled HALE estimates incorporate severity weights. This is not a measure of happiness or all suffering.

World Health Organization · WHOSIS_000002 ↗

Healthy life expectancy observations for Kenya
Year	years
2023	58.9
2022	57.9
2021	56.3
2020	58.7
2019	58.6
2018	58.4
2017	58.1
2016	57.6
2015	57.1
2014	56.5
2013	56.1
2012	55.8
2011	55.2
2010	54.7
2009	54.1
2008	53.5
2007	52.8
2006	52.1
2005	51.4
2004	50.8
2003	50.3
2002	50
2001	49.7
2000	49.4

outcomes2024

Under-five mortality

38.8 per 1,000 live births

North star

Zero preventable child deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030: at most 25 per 1,000 · Interim target ↗

Probability of dying before age five, per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled UN inter-agency estimate. Infant and neonatal deaths are included; never add these counts.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.MORT ↗

Under-five mortality observations for Kenya
Year	per 1,000 live births
2024	38.8
2023	39.6
2022	40.5
2021	41.3
2020	42.1
2019	42.7
2018	43.7
2017	44.7
2016	45.5
2015	46.8
2014	48.3
2013	49.4
2012	50.7
2011	51.7
2010	53.1
2009	55.2
2008	58
2007	62.9
2006	66.8
2005	71.2
2004	76.1
2003	80.8
2002	85.6
2001	90.5
2000	95.2

outcomes2024

Infant mortality

34.2 per 1,000 live births

North star

Zero preventable infant deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Probability of dying before age one, per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

A subset of under-five mortality; not additive with child or neonatal deaths.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.DYN.IMRT.IN ↗

Infant mortality observations for Kenya
Year	per 1,000 live births
2024	34.2
2023	34.7
2022	35.5
2021	36
2020	36.5
2019	37
2018	37.5
2017	38.2
2016	38.4
2015	38.9
2014	40
2013	40.7
2012	41.1
2011	41
2010	41.5
2009	42.1
2008	42.6
2007	45
2006	47
2005	49.5
2004	52.6
2003	55.5
2002	58.3
2001	61.2
2000	63.7

outcomes2024

Neonatal mortality

20.7 per 1,000 live births

North star

Zero preventable newborn deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030: at most 12 per 1,000 · Interim target ↗

Deaths in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

A subset of infant and under-five mortality; these are overlapping categories.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.NMRT ↗

Neonatal mortality observations for Kenya
Year	per 1,000 live births
2024	20.7
2023	21.1
2022	21.4
2021	21.7
2020	22
2019	22.3
2018	22.6
2017	22.8
2016	23.1
2015	23.2
2014	23.3
2013	23.3
2012	23.3
2011	23.3
2010	23.4
2009	23.5
2008	23.7
2007	24
2006	24.3
2005	24.7
2004	25.1
2003	25.5
2002	25.8
2001	26.1
2000	26.3

outcomes2023

Maternal mortality

149 per 100,000 live births

North star

Zero preventable maternal deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030 global ratio: below 70 · Interim target ↗

Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled estimate with uncertainty. The denominator is births, not total population.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.MMRT ↗

Maternal mortality observations for Kenya
Year	per 100,000 live births
2023	149
2022	155
2021	183
2020	184
2019	176
2018	183
2017	186
2016	196
2015	203
2014	203
2013	206
2012	214
2011	209
2010	210
2009	208
2008	197
2007	198
2006	188
2005	178
2004	177
2003	177
2002	182
2001	188
2000	206

outcomes2021

Suicide mortality

4.6 per 100,000 people

North star

Zero suicide deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled crude rate, not age-standardized. Reporting and classification differ; lower reported rates can reflect undercounting.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.SUIC.P5 ↗

Suicide mortality observations for Kenya
Year	per 100,000 people
2021	4.6
2020	5.6
2019	6.5
2018	6.5
2017	5.7
2016	5
2015	5.1
2014	4.7
2013	5.2
2012	5.2
2011	5.7
2010	5.9
2009	5.6
2008	5.5
2007	5.3
2006	5
2005	4.9
2004	4.7
2003	4.6
2002	4.8
2001	4.5
2000	4.5

outcomes2019

Road-traffic mortality

28.3 per 100,000 people

North star

Zero deaths and serious injuries on the roads

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated annual deaths from road-traffic injuries per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Population-based WHO rate, not deaths per distance travelled.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.TRAF.P5 ↗

Road-traffic mortality observations for Kenya
Year	per 100,000 people
2019	28.3
2018	28
2017	27.7
2016	27.4
2015	27.3
2014	26.6
2013	26.4
2012	26.6
2011	25.7
2010	25.7
2009	26.1
2008	25.9
2007	25.8
2006	25.8
2005	26.3
2004	25.9
2003	26.2
2002	26.5
2001	26.5
2000	26.4

outcomes2022

Intentional homicide

4.9 per 100,000 people

North star

Zero intentional homicides

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 people.

Source, limitations & data

UNODC-based estimates. Reporting and conflict-death definitions vary.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · VC.IHR.PSRC.P5 ↗

Intentional homicide observations for Kenya
Year	per 100,000 people
2022	4.9
2021	5.3
2020	3.6
2019	3.1
2018	3.1
2017	5
2016	4.9
2015	4.8
2014	5
2012	5.4
2011	5.3
2010	4.6
2009	4.7
2008	3.1
2007	2.9
2006	3
2005	3
2004	3.5

outcomes2021

Premature chronic-disease mortality

18 % probability ages 30–70

North star

End avoidable premature deaths from major chronic diseases

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Probability of dying between ages 30 and 70 from cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease.

Source, limitations & data

Not a death rate or all chronic diseases. Cannot multiply by population to produce annual deaths.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS ↗

Premature chronic-disease mortality observations for Kenya
Year	% probability ages 30–70
2021	18
2020	18.8
2019	19.1
2018	19.4
2017	18.7
2016	18.2
2015	18.3
2014	18.1
2013	17.9
2012	17.1
2011	18.9
2010	18.6
2009	18.2
2008	17.9
2007	17.5
2006	17.1
2005	16.9
2004	16.6
2003	16.2
2002	15.9
2001	15.6
2000	15.6

burden2023

Healthy life-years lost

19,672,280 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

DALYs combine years lost to premature mortality and severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss.

Source, limitations & data

DALY = YLL + YLD. A burden baseline, not proof that all loss can be avoided; not an estimate of all human suffering.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Healthy life-years lost observations for Kenya
Year	healthy life-years
2023	19,672,280
2022	20,227,637
2021	21,169,589
2020	18,585,912
2019	18,755,767
2015	19,026,638
2010	19,645,001
2000	21,796,533

burden2023

Life-years lost to premature death

14,496,566 life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO years of life lost (YLL) relative to its reference life table.

Source, limitations & data

Different from number of people dying; one death can account for many life-years.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Life-years lost to premature death observations for Kenya
Year	life-years
2023	14,496,566
2022	14,990,877
2021	15,915,146
2020	13,647,031
2019	14,237,484
2015	14,917,959
2010	16,009,680
2000	18,966,060

burden2023

Years of nonfatal health loss

5,175,714 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Severity-weighted years lived with disease or disability (YLD), adjusted for comorbidity by the source.

Source, limitations & data

A health-loss proxy, not a valuation of people with disabilities or a direct measure of distress, poverty, or all suffering.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Years of nonfatal health loss observations for Kenya
Year	healthy life-years
2023	5,175,714
2022	5,236,760
2021	5,254,443
2020	4,938,882
2019	4,518,283
2015	4,108,679
2010	3,635,322
2000	2,830,473

outcomes2023

All-cause deaths

318,971 deaths

North star

Prevent avoidable deaths and extend healthy life

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

WHO estimated all-cause deaths in the reference year.

Source, limitations & data

Deaths are a baseline; no programme can be assumed to eliminate all mortality.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

All-cause deaths observations for Kenya
Year	deaths
2023	318,971
2022	330,854
2021	366,733
2020	310,283
2019	306,959
2015	293,521
2010	285,001
2000	296,038

outcomes2023

Suicide deaths

4,390 deaths

North star

Zero suicide deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO estimated deaths from intentional self-harm, both sexes and all ages.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled cause-specific estimate; reporting and classification can undercount suicide. Included in all-cause deaths; never add it again.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Suicide deaths observations for Kenya
Year	deaths
2023	4,390
2022	4,334
2021	3,976
2020	4,052
2019	4,217
2015	3,915
2010	3,584
2000	2,447

burden2023

Depressive-disorder health loss

322,047 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from depressive disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not case counts or direct distress. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Depressive-disorder health loss observations for Kenya
Year	healthy life-years
2023	322,047
2022	309,386
2021	316,064
2020	312,069
2019	244,157
2015	211,836
2010	191,748
2000	139,771

burden2023

Anxiety-disorder health loss

285,077 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from anxiety disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not case counts. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Anxiety-disorder health loss observations for Kenya
Year	healthy life-years
2023	285,077
2022	232,417
2021	221,114
2020	210,397
2019	161,318
2015	137,428
2010	113,195
2000	85,674

burden2023

Alcohol-disorder health loss

28,309 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from alcohol use disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD. Alcohol-related injuries and other disease burdens sit in other categories; included in total YLD.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Alcohol-disorder health loss observations for Kenya
Year	healthy life-years
2023	28,309
2022	27,274
2021	26,466
2020	25,788
2019	25,181
2015	22,335
2010	19,112
2000	13,195

burden2023

Drug-disorder health loss

17,548 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from drug use disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not overdose deaths. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Drug-disorder health loss observations for Kenya
Year	healthy life-years
2023	17,548
2022	17,111
2021	15,873
2020	14,759
2019	14,454
2015	13,212
2010	12,458
2000	8,198

disease2024

Tuberculosis incidence

207 per 100,000 people

North star

End tuberculosis

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated new and relapsed tuberculosis cases per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled incidence includes uncertainty; not the number of reported diagnoses.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.TBS.INCD ↗

Tuberculosis incidence observations for Kenya
Year	per 100,000 people
2024	207
2023	214
2022	238
2021	247
2020	248
2019	267
2018	292
2017	319
2016	348
2015	380
2014	423
2013	443
2012	471
2011	506
2010	531
2009	566
2008	564
2007	618
2006	646
2005	630
2004	634
2003	610
2002	534
2001	499
2000	451

disease2024

New HIV infections

0.53 per 1,000 uninfected ages 15–49

North star

Zero new HIV infections

Unified Nations aspirational north star

New HIV infections among uninfected adults ages 15–49.

Source, limitations & data

Denominator is uninfected adults in this age group, not the whole population.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.HIV.INCD.ZS ↗

New HIV infections observations for Kenya
Year	per 1,000 uninfected ages 15–49
2024	0.5
2023	0.6
2022	0.7
2021	0.7
2020	0.7
2019	0.8
2018	0.8
2017	1
2016	1.1
2015	1.4
2014	1.6
2013	1.8
2012	2
2011	2.3
2010	2.6
2009	2.8
2008	3.1
2007	3.3
2006	3.6
2005	3.8
2004	4.1
2003	4.5
2002	4.9
2001	5.4
2000	6

disease2024

Malaria incidence

74.2 per 1,000 at risk

North star

End malaria

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated new malaria cases per 1,000 people at risk.

Source, limitations & data

At-risk population differs from total population. No observation is not zero or proof of elimination.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MLR.INCD.P3 ↗

Malaria incidence observations for Kenya
Year	per 1,000 at risk
2024	74.2
2023	73.8
2022	82.1
2021	88.7
2020	85
2019	71.7
2018	74.2
2017	76.9
2016	77.3
2015	81.8
2014	84.4
2013	85.4
2012	84.2
2011	82.6
2010	80.3
2009	77.6
2008	79.8
2007	94.8
2006	125.5
2005	138.9
2004	184.4
2003	220.1
2002	227.6
2001	243.2
2000	220.3

disease2024

Diabetes prevalence

3.1 % ages 20–79

North star

Prevent avoidable diabetes and support everyone living with it

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Share of adults ages 20–79 living with diabetes.

Source, limitations & data

A modeled prevalence estimate; diagnosis, treatment, and control matter alongside prevention.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.DIAB.ZS ↗

Diabetes prevalence observations for Kenya
Year	% ages 20–79
2024	3.1
2011	5.1

disease2024

Tobacco use

9.6 % adults 15+

North star

A tobacco-free future

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use in adults.

Source, limitations & data

Includes smoked and smokeless tobacco as defined by the source; a modeled estimate.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.PRV.SMOK ↗

Tobacco use observations for Kenya
Year	% adults 15+
2024	9.6
2023	9.9
2022	10.2
2020	10.8
2015	12.6
2010	14.8
2007	16.2
2005	17.3
2000	20.3

disease2020

Alcohol consumption

2.5 litres pure alcohol per adult 15+

North star

Minimize alcohol-related harm

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Annual total alcohol consumption per person age 15+.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled/projected estimate includes recorded and estimated unrecorded consumption, adjusted for tourism; not a measure of distribution or dependence.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.ALC.PCAP.LI ↗

Alcohol consumption observations for Kenya
Year	litres pure alcohol per adult 15+
2020	2.5
2019	2.9
2018	2.9
2017	2.9
2016	2.9
2015	2.8
2014	2.8
2013	2.8
2012	2.8
2011	2.7
2010	2.5
2009	2.3
2008	2.3
2007	2.3
2006	2.4
2005	2.2
2004	2.1
2003	2.1
2002	2.2
2001	2.2
2000	2.2

disease2022

Child stunting

17.6 % children under 5

North star

Zero child stunting

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five with low height for age relative to the WHO growth standard.

Source, limitations & data

Survey and modeled series vary; reflects cumulative deprivation, not every cause of poor nutrition.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.STNT.ZS ↗

Child stunting observations for Kenya
Year	% children under 5
2022	17.6
2016	28.6
2014	26.2
2011	26.3
2008	35.5
2005	40.3
2003	35.8
2000	40.8

disease2022

Child wasting

4.5 % children under 5

North star

Zero child wasting

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five with low weight for height relative to the WHO growth standard.

Source, limitations & data

Sparse household surveys; a national observation can miss local or seasonal emergencies.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.WAST.ZS ↗

Child wasting observations for Kenya
Year	% children under 5
2022	4.5
2016	6.7
2014	4.2
2011	6
2008	6.9
2005	6.9
2003	6.2
2000	7.4

disease2023

Undernourishment

36.8 % of population

North star

Zero hunger

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of people with insufficient dietary energy intake.

Source, limitations & data

FAO modeled estimate; values below 2.5% may be censored in source presentation.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS ↗

Undernourishment observations for Kenya
Year	% of population
2023	36.8
2022	35.3
2021	31.6
2020	26.3
2019	23.7
2018	22.9
2017	23.6
2016	22.2
2015	20.8
2014	19
2013	18.9
2012	19.1
2011	19.9
2010	21.7
2009	24.3
2008	26.7
2007	26.8
2006	25.8
2005	28
2004	31.6
2003	34.5
2002	33.3
2001	31.8

care2023

Essential health-service coverage

57 index 0–100

North star

Universal access to essential health services

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Universal health coverage service coverage index across essential health services.

Source, limitations & data

A tracer-service index, not a claim that every person receives care or financial protection.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH_UHC_SCI ↗

Essential health-service coverage observations for Kenya
Year	index 0–100
2023	57
2022	57
2021	53
2020	49
2019	52
2018	54
2017	56
2016	55
2015	53
2014	53
2013	53
2012	54
2011	52
2010	46
2009	45
2008	44
2007	43
2006	41
2005	36
2004	31
2003	28
2002	29
2001	28
2000	29

care2024

DTP immunization

91 % children ages 12–23 months

North star

Every child protected by routine vaccination

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of children ages 12–23 months receiving three doses of DTP vaccine.

Source, limitations & data

Coverage does not measure every vaccine, timeliness, or equitable access.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.IMM.IDPT ↗

DTP immunization observations for Kenya
Year	% children ages 12–23 months
2024	91
2023	93
2022	94
2021	95
2020	93
2019	93
2018	91
2017	81
2016	88
2015	89
2014	92
2013	87
2012	94
2011	96
2010	90
2009	88
2008	88
2007	81
2006	80
2005	76
2004	73
2003	73
2002	84
2001	80
2000	82

care2024

Measles immunization

88 % children ages 12–23 months

North star

Every child protected against measles

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of children ages 12–23 months receiving a measles vaccine.

Source, limitations & data

One vaccine-dose indicator, not proof of community immunity or complete schedules.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.IMM.MEAS ↗

Measles immunization observations for Kenya
Year	% children ages 12–23 months
2024	88
2023	91
2022	89
2021	90
2020	89
2019	92
2018	92
2017	84
2016	93
2015	96
2014	95
2013	94
2012	93
2011	87
2010	86
2009	88
2008	90
2007	80
2006	77
2005	69
2004	73
2003	72
2002	78
2001	77
2000	78

care2016

Skilled birth attendance

70.2 % of births

Historical evidence · 2016. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Every birth supported by skilled, respectful care

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Births attended by skilled health personnel.

Source, limitations & data

Presence of a skilled attendant does not establish quality, emergency access, or respectful care.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.BRTC.ZS ↗

Skilled birth attendance observations for Kenya
Year	% of births
2016	70.2
2014	61.8
2009	43.8
2003	41.6
2000	42.6

care2024

Adolescent birth rate

54.5 births per 1,000 women ages 15–19

North star

Prevent unintended adolescent pregnancy and support young parents

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Births per 1,000 women ages 15–19.

Source, limitations & data

Births alone do not establish intention or agency; reproductive choice and access to care matter.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.ADO.TFRT ↗

Adolescent birth rate observations for Kenya
Year	births per 1,000 women ages 15–19
2024	54.5
2023	56.3
2022	57.3
2021	59.5
2020	59.4
2019	63.7
2018	66.7
2017	68.2
2016	73.8
2015	81.9
2014	90
2013	95.6
2012	100.2
2011	104.6
2010	108.7
2009	110.2
2008	112.2
2007	113.5
2006	112.8
2005	115.3
2004	118.2
2003	119
2002	120.6
2001	123.3
2000	121.1

care2023

Current health expenditure

4.4 % of GDP

North star

Affordable, effective care with fair financial protection

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Current health expenditure as a share of GDP.

Source, limitations & data

More spending is not automatically better outcomes; excludes capital expenditure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS ↗

Current health expenditure observations for Kenya
Year	% of GDP
2023	4.4
2022	4.3
2021	4.6
2020	4.5
2019	4.4
2018	4.1
2017	4
2016	4.8
2015	4.8
2014	4.9
2013	4.9
2012	5
2011	5.2
2010	5.4
2009	5.3
2008	5.2
2007	5.1
2006	5
2005	4.2
2004	4.2
2003	4
2002	3.8
2001	3.7
2000	3.6

care2023

Out-of-pocket health costs

24.2 % of health expenditure

North star

No one pushed into hardship by the cost of care

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Out-of-pocket spending as a share of current health expenditure.

Source, limitations & data

Not the share of household income spent on health, and not a direct catastrophic-spending measure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.XPD.OOPC.CH.ZS ↗

Out-of-pocket health costs observations for Kenya
Year	% of health expenditure
2023	24.2
2022	24
2021	22.7
2020	23.3
2019	24.3
2018	23.4
2017	23.3
2016	25
2015	26.9
2014	29.2
2013	32.1
2012	31.6
2011	31
2010	30.2
2009	31.4
2008	34.1
2007	36.5
2006	39.2
2005	45.2
2004	44.5
2003	45.3
2002	44.6
2001	46.4
2000	47.3

care2023

Physician availability

0.3 per 1,000 people

North star

Timely access to qualified health professionals

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Number of physicians per 1,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Counts can combine practicing or registered staff depending on country; distribution and quality matter.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MED.PHYS.ZS ↗

Physician availability observations for Kenya
Year	per 1,000 people
2023	0.3
2022	0.2
2021	0.1
2020	0.1
2018	0.2
2014	0.2
2013	0.2
2012	0.2
2011	0.2
2010	0.2
2009	0.2
2008	0.2
2002	0.1

care2023

Nurses & midwives

2.3 per 1,000 people

North star

Adequate nursing and midwifery care everywhere

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Nursing and midwifery personnel per 1,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Country reporting and occupational coverage differ; national density conceals shortages.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MED.NUMW.P3 ↗

Nurses & midwives observations for Kenya
Year	per 1,000 people
2023	2.3
2022	2
2021	0.7
2020	0.6
2018	1.2
2017	1.1
2016	1.1
2015	0.9
2014	0.9
2013	0.9
2012	1.4
2011	1.4
2010	0.7
2009	0.4
2008	0.4
2004	0.5

environmentDATA GAP

Safely managed drinking water

— % of population

○

No national estimate meeting this definition was found. Basic access, urban-only and rural-only coverage are separate measures.

North star

Safe drinking water for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using drinking water that is on premises, available when needed, and free from contamination.

Source, limitations & data

WHO/UNICEF JMP estimate. Missing safely managed data must not be substituted silently with basic access.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.H2O.SMDW.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Safely managed drinking water observations for Kenya
Year	% of population

environment2024

Safely managed sanitation

35.8 % of population

North star

Safe sanitation for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using improved, unshared sanitation with safe disposal or treatment of excreta.

Source, limitations & data

WHO/UNICEF JMP estimate. Basic sanitation is a separate, less stringent measure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.SMSS.ZS ↗

Safely managed sanitation observations for Kenya
Year	% of population
2024	35.8
2023	35.2
2022	34.7
2021	34
2020	33.3
2019	32.6
2018	31.9
2017	31.2
2016	30.5
2015	29.8
2014	29.2
2013	28.6
2012	28
2011	27.3
2010	26.7
2009	26.1
2008	25.5
2007	24.8
2006	24.2
2005	23.5
2004	22.8
2003	22.2
2002	21.5
2001	20.8
2000	20.2

environment2024

Handwashing facilities

57.5 % of population

North star

Soap, water, and hygiene access for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People with a handwashing facility with soap and water at home.

Source, limitations & data

Limited survey coverage; presence does not establish consistent use.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.HYGN.ZS ↗

Handwashing facilities observations for Kenya
Year	% of population
2024	57.5
2023	52.7
2022	47.9
2021	43.1
2020	38.4
2019	33.7
2018	29
2017	24.4
2016	19.8
2015	15.2
2014	15.2
2013	15.2
2012	15.2
2011	15.2

environment2023

Fine-particle air pollution

20.3 µg/m³

North star

WHO guideline: annual PM2.5 at most 5 µg/m³

WHO air-quality guideline · Target source ↗

Population-weighted annual mean exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5).

Source, limitations & data

Modeled national exposure. Local hotspots and personal exposure differ.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 ↗

Fine-particle air pollution observations for Kenya
Year	µg/m³
2023	20.3
2022	20.8
2021	20.7
2020	22.7
2019	20.3
2018	19.8
2017	18.1
2016	19.4
2015	18.8
2014	18.9
2013	21.3
2012	21
2011	21.8
2010	21.8
2009	19.5
2008	21
2007	21
2006	19.6
2005	16.6
2004	16.8
2003	17.5
2002	20.4
2001	21.8
2000	19

environment2023

Clean cooking access

31.6 % of population

North star

Clean cooking without harmful household smoke

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People with access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking.

Source, limitations & data

Primary reliance as defined by WHO; access does not guarantee affordability or exclusive use.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EG.CFT.ACCS.ZS ↗

Clean cooking access observations for Kenya
Year	% of population
2023	31.6
2022	28.5
2021	25.8
2020	23.1
2019	20.6
2018	18
2017	16.1
2016	14.2
2015	12.6
2014	11.2
2013	9.9
2012	8.8
2011	7.9
2010	7.1
2009	6.4
2008	5.8
2007	5.1
2006	4.5
2005	3.9
2004	3.4
2003	3
2002	2.5
2001	2.1
2000	1.7

environment2024

Electricity access

77 % of population

North star

Reliable, affordable electricity for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of people with access to electricity.

Source, limitations & data

Connection alone does not measure reliability, affordability or clean generation.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS ↗

Electricity access observations for Kenya
Year	% of population
2024	77
2023	76.2
2022	76
2021	76.5
2020	71.5
2019	69.7
2018	61.2
2017	55.8
2016	53.1
2015	41.6
2014	36
2013	40.1
2012	38.1
2011	36.2
2010	19.2
2009	23
2008	30.3
2007	28.3
2006	26.4
2005	24.5
2004	22.6
2003	16
2002	18.9
2001	17
2000	15.2

opportunity2022

Extreme poverty

45.5 % of population

North star

Zero extreme poverty

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People living on less than $3.00 a day at 2021 purchasing-power-parity prices.

Source, limitations & data

Survey-based; line and PPP base change across releases. The source metadata gives the exact current definition.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SI.POV.DDAY ↗

Extreme poverty observations for Kenya
Year	% of population
2022	45.5
2021	46.4
2020	44.4
2015	37.7
2005	44.6

opportunity2025

Unemployment

5.4 % of labor force

North star

Decent work for everyone who wants it

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

People without work who are available and seeking work; ILO modeled estimate.

Source, limitations & data

Excludes people outside the labor force and does not establish job quality.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS ↗

Unemployment observations for Kenya
Year	% of labor force
2025	5.4
2024	5.5
2023	5.4
2022	5.6
2021	5.7
2020	5.6
2019	5
2018	4.3
2017	3.5
2016	2.8
2015	2.8
2014	2.8
2013	2.8
2012	2.7
2011	2.7
2010	2.8
2009	2.8
2008	2.8
2007	2.6
2006	2.7
2005	2.7
2004	2.8
2003	2.9
2002	2.9
2001	2.9
2000	2.9

opportunity2025

Employment-to-population ratio

63.7 % ages 15+

North star

Dignified, fairly paid work and genuine choice

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Share of people age 15+ who are employed; ILO modeled estimate.

Source, limitations & data

Age structure, education and unpaid care affect the rate. 100% employment is not an appropriate universal goal.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS ↗

Employment-to-population ratio observations for Kenya
Year	% ages 15+
2025	63.7
2024	63.7
2023	63.8
2022	63.7
2021	63.6
2020	63.3
2019	64.4
2018	67.1
2017	69.7
2016	72.4
2015	72.2
2014	72.1
2013	72
2012	72
2011	71.8
2010	71.6
2009	71.5
2008	71.4
2007	71.4
2006	71.3
2005	71.1
2004	70.9
2003	70.8
2002	70.6
2001	70.5
2000	70.4

opportunity2025

Income per person

5,995 international dollars, constant 2021 PPP

North star

Shared prosperity within ecological limits

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

GDP per person adjusted for purchasing power and inflation.

Source, limitations & data

Not household income, wealth or wellbeing; the current PPP base is specified in source metadata.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD ↗

Income per person observations for Kenya
Year	international dollars, constant 2021 PPP
2025	5,995
2024	5,842
2023	5,692
2022	5,492
2021	5,339
2020	5,057
2019	5,172
2018	5,018
2017	4,847
2016	4,770
2015	4,680
2014	4,559
2013	4,443
2012	4,388
2011	4,307
2010	4,212
2009	4,012
2008	4,003
2007	4,116
2006	3,971
2005	3,845
2004	3,744
2003	3,674
2002	3,681
2001	3,778
2000	3,757

opportunity2022

Income inequality

38.5 Gini index 0–100

North star

Fair opportunity and less harmful inequality

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Distribution of income or consumption within a country.

Source, limitations & data

Income and consumption surveys are not interchangeable; sparse survey years are shown honestly.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SI.POV.GINI ↗

Income inequality observations for Kenya
Year	Gini index 0–100
2022	38.5
2021	38.7
2020	36.2
2015	40.8
2005	46.4

opportunity2016

Primary-school completion

102.2 % of relevant age group

Historical evidence · 2016. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Every child completes quality primary education

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Completion rate for primary education.

Source, limitations & data

Gross enrollment-based ratios can exceed 100%; completion does not directly measure learning.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SE.PRM.CMPT.ZS ↗

Primary-school completion observations for Kenya
Year	% of relevant age group
2016	102.2
2015	101.3
2014	99
2005	87.8
2004	86

opportunity2000

Adult literacy

82.2 % adults 15+

Historical evidence · 2000. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Literacy for every adult

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Adults who can read and write a short simple statement about everyday life.

Source, limitations & data

Sparse census or survey observations; national definitions and self-report can vary.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SE.ADT.LITR.ZS ↗

Adult literacy observations for Kenya
Year	% adults 15+
2000	82.2

opportunity2024

Internet use

35 % of population

North star

Meaningful digital access for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using the internet.

Source, limitations & data

Access does not establish affordability, safety, speed or digital literacy.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · IT.NET.USER.ZS ↗

Internet use observations for Kenya
Year	% of population
2024	35
2023	32.1
2022	29.4
2021	27
2020	24.7
2019	22.7
2018	19.5
2017	17.8
2016	16.6
2015	16.6
2014	16.5
2013	13
2012	10.5
2011	8.8
2010	7.2
2009	6.1
2008	5.2
2007	4.4
2006	3.6
2005	3.1
2004	3
2003	2.9
2002	1.2
2001	0.6
2000	0.3

opportunity2014

Birth registration

66.9 % children under 5

Historical evidence · 2014. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Every child counted and legally recognized

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five whose births have been registered with a civil authority.

Source, limitations & data

Survey or administrative coverage may differ; registration does not establish complete vital statistics.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.REG.BRTH.ZS ↗

Birth registration observations for Kenya
Year	% children under 5
2014	66.9
2009	60
2003	48

A starting agenda for Kenya

Turn the goals
into work.

This is a public-health agenda to adapt with local communities and professionals. Completion alone does not establish a quantified effect.

Prevent avoidable deaths

Protect life at every stage.

Expand timely, respectful maternal and newborn care.
Close gaps in routine vaccination and disease prevention.
Strengthen suicide prevention, mental-health care, and follow-up.
Reduce road injuries, violence, and avoidable chronic-disease deaths.

WHO suicide-prevention evidence ↗

Reduce health loss

Make effective care reachable.

Improve access to primary care and essential medicines.
Detect and treat disease earlier.
Provide rehabilitation, pain relief, and disability support.
Protect households from harmful health-care costs.

WHO universal health coverage ↗

Build healthy conditions

Support the foundations of life.

Deliver safe water, sanitation, hygiene, and clean cooking.
Reduce harmful air pollution and child malnutrition.
Expand quality education, decent work, and social protection.
Publish results and identify who is still being left behind.

International development goals ↗

Keep exploring

OUR GREAT WORKIS NOT OVER.

KenyaKENA healthier future.

More life.Less suffering.

The trends.The north stars.

Life expectancy

Healthy life expectancy

Under-five mortality

Infant mortality

Neonatal mortality

Maternal mortality

Suicide mortality

Road-traffic mortality

Intentional homicide

Premature chronic-disease mortality

Healthy life-years lost

Life-years lost to premature death

Years of nonfatal health loss

All-cause deaths

Suicide deaths

Depressive-disorder health loss

Anxiety-disorder health loss

Alcohol-disorder health loss

Drug-disorder health loss

Tuberculosis incidence

New HIV infections

Malaria incidence

Diabetes prevalence

Tobacco use

Alcohol consumption

Child stunting

Child wasting

Undernourishment

Essential health-service coverage

DTP immunization

Measles immunization

Skilled birth attendance

Adolescent birth rate

Current health expenditure

Out-of-pocket health costs

Physician availability

Nurses & midwives

Safely managed drinking water

Safely managed sanitation

Handwashing facilities

Fine-particle air pollution

Clean cooking access

Electricity access

Extreme poverty

Unemployment

Employment-to-population ratio

Income per person

Income inequality

Primary-school completion

Adult literacy

Internet use

Birth registration

Turn the goalsinto work.

Protect life at every stage.

Make effective care reachable.

Support the foundations of life.

More country perspectives.

OUR GREAT WORK
IS NOT OVER.

More life.
Less suffering.

The trends.
The north stars.

Turn the goals
into work.