Every life matters. The work is urgent.

OUR GREAT WORK
IS NOT OVER.

Zero suicide. Zero needless suffering. Zero poverty.
Every country still has work to do.

Find the work we can do now ↓

Next death · average-rate clock20:38.07minutes:seconds remaining in this repeating cycle

One death every 1,238.07 seconds on average.

EVERY LIFE COUNTSAverage-rate illustration
Not a live report

Next suicide · average-rate clock19:10:06.57hours:minutes:seconds remaining in this repeating cycle

One death every 69,006.56 seconds on average.

EVERY LIFE COUNTSAverage-rate illustration
Not a live report

Published average intervals; enable JavaScript for repeating countdowns.

Nicaragua · WHO 2023 · 1/1 countries. Annual totals ÷ seconds in the source year set the rate. These are illustrative averages, not real-time death reports or predictions. The death clock includes all causes, including deaths that cannot currently be prevented. Sources & calculation ↗

Latin America & Caribbean · UN member

NicaraguaNICA healthier future.

Nicaragua’s health dashboard connects the latest available evidence with a shared horizon: zero suicide, zero needless suffering, zero poverty, and longer healthy lives.

North-star health score · v2—

Required recent goal or foundation data missing

Life expectancy75.1

Years · 2024

Healthy life expectancy65.4

Years · 2023

Indicator coverage47 / 52

Dated numerical series · 0 source-context notes.

Inspect Nicaragua’s score components

Version 2 is a deliberately demanding editorial measure of distance to the north stars, not an official WHO/UN index or the percentage of people who are healthy. Strong services cannot cancel out ongoing suicide, health loss, or extreme poverty. At least 9 of 12 core measures and all three recent zero-harm inputs are required. Missing inputs suppress the final score, rather than implying success. Health loss is a proxy broader than avoidable suffering; the $3.00/day measure covers extreme poverty, not every form of deprivation. Lower scores under this new method are a recalibration, not evidence of deterioration.

Measure	Year	Value	Foundation component score
Life expectancy	2024	75.1	62.8
Under-five mortality	2024	11.2	88.8
Maternal mortality	2023	60	88
Suicide mortality	2021	4.2	83
Premature chronic-disease mortality	2021	12.6	64
Tuberculosis incidence	2024	43	91.4
Essential health-service coverage	2023	70	70
DTP immunization	2023	89	89
Fine-particle air pollution	2023	20.4	72

Zero suicide

6.7 deaths per 100,000 people · 2023

Score multiplier ×0.427

Zero needless suffering

0.243 DALYs per person; health-loss proxy · 2023

Score multiplier ×0.292

Zero poverty

Recent comparable input missing

Final score withheld

A deliberately demanding measure of distance to the goals. Version 2 changes the method, not the underlying observations. Health loss is not all needless suffering; the poverty input measures extreme poverty. See the formula and limits ↗

Explore 52 indicators ↓The action agenda ↗

The human stakes

More life.
Less suffering.

Choose a reduction in the measured annual burden. This is a transparent scenario, not a forecast that completing a checklist will deliver it.

Illustrative reduction 25%

0%50%100% theoretical ceiling

Annual deaths avoided6.4K

Of 25.5K deaths in the covered population.

Years of life restored219.4K

Years lost to premature mortality (YLL).

Health loss diminished194.3K

Disability-weighted years (YLD), a health-loss measure.

Healthy life-years reclaimed413.7K

YLL + YLD = DALYs. 5.2K equivalent 80-year healthy lifetimes.

Nicaragua · 2023

WHO modeled all-cause estimates; same release and reference year. These four measures overlap and must not be added. DALYs quantify health loss, not every form of suffering. An equivalent lifetime is a unit conversion, not a person saved. All-cause deaths include deaths that cannot currently be prevented; 100% is an arithmetic ceiling.

See the calculation and its limits ↗

Nicaragua · the evidence

The trends.
The north stars.

Mint traces measured observations. Gold marks numerical goals. Lines connect available observations, which can be years apart. Non-numerical goals are explained in each card. Historical figures, model caveats and source-backed status notes stay visible. A gap is an invitation to improve measurement.

Find an indicator

52 indicators

outcomes2024

Life expectancy

75.1 years

North star

90 years of life, with health and dignity

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Expected lifespan at birth under the year’s mortality patterns.

Source, limitations & data

Period measure, not a prediction for an individual. National averages conceal inequalities.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.DYN.LE00.IN ↗

Life expectancy observations for Nicaragua
Year	years
2024	75.1
2023	74.9
2022	74.5
2021	70.5
2020	70.8
2019	73.8
2018	73.9
2017	73.4
2016	73.2
2015	72.9
2014	72.8
2013	72.6
2012	72.4
2011	72
2010	71.8
2009	71.5
2008	71.4
2007	71.2
2006	71
2005	70.4
2004	69.5
2003	68.7
2002	68
2001	67
2000	66.4

burden2023

Healthy life expectancy

65.4 years

North star

80 years lived in full health

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Expected years lived in full health at birth under current mortality and morbidity patterns.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled HALE estimates incorporate severity weights. This is not a measure of happiness or all suffering.

World Health Organization · WHOSIS_000002 ↗

Healthy life expectancy observations for Nicaragua
Year	years
2023	65.4
2022	64.7
2021	62.2
2020	62.8
2019	65.7
2018	65.7
2017	65.6
2016	65.4
2015	65.4
2014	64.9
2013	64.7
2012	64.7
2011	64.6
2010	64.3
2009	64.2
2008	63.9
2007	63.8
2006	64
2005	63.1
2004	63
2003	62.7
2002	62.5
2001	62.4
2000	62.2

outcomes2024

Under-five mortality

11.2 per 1,000 live births

North star

Zero preventable child deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030: at most 25 per 1,000 · Interim target ↗

Probability of dying before age five, per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled UN inter-agency estimate. Infant and neonatal deaths are included; never add these counts.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.MORT ↗

Under-five mortality observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 1,000 live births
2024	11.2
2023	13.8
2022	14.3
2021	14.2
2020	14.2
2019	14.3
2018	14.6
2017	15.3
2016	16.1
2015	17.2
2014	18.3
2013	19.4
2012	20.6
2011	21.9
2010	23.2
2009	24.5
2008	25.8
2007	27.1
2006	28.4
2005	29.7
2004	31.1
2003	32.4
2002	33.8
2001	35.3
2000	37.1

outcomes2024

Infant mortality

9.4 per 1,000 live births

North star

Zero preventable infant deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Probability of dying before age one, per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

A subset of under-five mortality; not additive with child or neonatal deaths.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.DYN.IMRT.IN ↗

Infant mortality observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 1,000 live births
2024	9.4
2023	12
2022	12.6
2021	12.5
2020	12.5
2019	12.6
2018	12.9
2017	13.4
2016	14.2
2015	15
2014	16
2013	17
2012	18
2011	19
2010	20.1
2009	21.2
2008	22.3
2007	23.3
2006	24.4
2005	25.5
2004	26.6
2003	27.7
2002	28.8
2001	30.1
2000	31.6

outcomes2024

Neonatal mortality

5.3 per 1,000 live births

North star

Zero preventable newborn deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030: at most 12 per 1,000 · Interim target ↗

Deaths in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

A subset of infant and under-five mortality; these are overlapping categories.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.NMRT ↗

Neonatal mortality observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 1,000 live births
2024	5.3
2023	7.1
2022	7.9
2021	8.4
2020	8.6
2019	8.7
2018	8.8
2017	9.2
2016	9.8
2015	10.5
2014	11.2
2013	11.7
2012	12.3
2011	12.7
2010	13.1
2009	13.4
2008	13.7
2007	13.9
2006	14.2
2005	14.4
2004	14.6
2003	14.9
2002	15.3
2001	15.8
2000	16.4

outcomes2023

Maternal mortality

60 per 100,000 live births

North star

Zero preventable maternal deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

SDG 2030 global ratio: below 70 · Interim target ↗

Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled estimate with uncertainty. The denominator is births, not total population.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.MMRT ↗

Maternal mortality observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 100,000 live births
2023	60
2022	61
2021	124
2020	87
2019	69
2018	67
2017	72
2016	77
2015	81
2014	83
2013	86
2012	88
2011	93
2010	96
2009	99
2008	101
2007	106
2006	113
2005	124
2004	140
2003	154
2002	170
2001	194
2000	213

outcomes2021

Suicide mortality

4.2 per 100,000 people

North star

Zero suicide deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled crude rate, not age-standardized. Reporting and classification differ; lower reported rates can reflect undercounting.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.SUIC.P5 ↗

Suicide mortality observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 100,000 people
2021	4.2
2020	3.7
2019	4.7
2018	5.3
2017	5
2016	4.9
2015	4.7
2014	5.2
2013	5.8
2012	5.1
2011	6.2
2010	5.5
2009	5.8
2008	5.9
2007	5.9
2006	5.5
2005	6.2
2004	6.6
2003	7
2002	6.5
2001	6.6
2000	7.6

outcomes2019

Road-traffic mortality

16.9 per 100,000 people

North star

Zero deaths and serious injuries on the roads

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated annual deaths from road-traffic injuries per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Population-based WHO rate, not deaths per distance travelled.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.TRAF.P5 ↗

Road-traffic mortality observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 100,000 people
2019	16.9
2018	16.6
2017	16.3
2016	16.1
2015	16.1
2014	16.2
2013	13.7
2012	15.2
2011	14.3
2010	14.5
2009	14.4
2008	14.3
2007	14.4
2006	16.2
2005	16.1
2004	15.9
2003	16
2002	15.8
2001	16
2000	16.3

outcomes2021

Intentional homicide

11.3 per 100,000 people

North star

Zero intentional homicides

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 people.

Source, limitations & data

UNODC-based estimates. Reporting and conflict-death definitions vary.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · VC.IHR.PSRC.P5 ↗

Intentional homicide observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 100,000 people
2021	11.3
2019	7.9
2018	10.7
2017	6.8
2016	7.3
2015	8.5
2014	8.7
2013	9.9
2012	11.4
2011	12.7
2010	13.7
2009	14.2
2008	13.2
2007	13
2006	13.3
2005	13.6
2004	12.3
2003	12.2
2002	10.8
2001	10.6
2000	9.5

outcomes2021

Premature chronic-disease mortality

12.6 % probability ages 30–70

North star

End avoidable premature deaths from major chronic diseases

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Probability of dying between ages 30 and 70 from cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease.

Source, limitations & data

Not a death rate or all chronic diseases. Cannot multiply by population to produce annual deaths.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS ↗

Premature chronic-disease mortality observations for Nicaragua
Year	% probability ages 30–70
2021	12.6
2020	12.4
2019	12.8
2018	13.1
2017	13.2
2016	13.6
2015	12.9
2014	14
2013	13.9
2012	14.2
2011	14
2010	13.6
2009	14.1
2008	14.4
2007	14
2006	13.1
2005	14.8
2004	14.3
2003	14.3
2002	14.4
2001	13.7
2000	13.4

burden2023

Healthy life-years lost

1,654,782 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

DALYs combine years lost to premature mortality and severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss.

Source, limitations & data

DALY = YLL + YLD. A burden baseline, not proof that all loss can be avoided; not an estimate of all human suffering.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Healthy life-years lost observations for Nicaragua
Year	healthy life-years
2023	1,654,782
2022	1,663,119
2021	1,896,331
2020	1,798,310
2019	1,532,640
2015	1,477,464
2010	1,477,890
2000	1,502,839

burden2023

Life-years lost to premature death

877,511 life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO years of life lost (YLL) relative to its reference life table.

Source, limitations & data

Different from number of people dying; one death can account for many life-years.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Life-years lost to premature death observations for Nicaragua
Year	life-years
2023	877,511
2022	905,175
2021	1,157,150
2020	1,087,120
2019	849,476
2015	860,029
2010	921,665
2000	1,035,378

burden2023

Years of nonfatal health loss

777,270 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Severity-weighted years lived with disease or disability (YLD), adjusted for comorbidity by the source.

Source, limitations & data

A health-loss proxy, not a valuation of people with disabilities or a direct measure of distress, poverty, or all suffering.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Years of nonfatal health loss observations for Nicaragua
Year	healthy life-years
2023	777,270
2022	757,944
2021	739,181
2020	711,190
2019	683,164
2015	617,435
2010	556,225
2000	467,461

outcomes2023

All-cause deaths

25,472 deaths

North star

Prevent avoidable deaths and extend healthy life

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

WHO estimated all-cause deaths in the reference year.

Source, limitations & data

Deaths are a baseline; no programme can be assumed to eliminate all mortality.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

All-cause deaths observations for Nicaragua
Year	deaths
2023	25,472
2022	26,819
2021	36,034
2020	34,038
2019	24,386
2015	23,021
2010	22,741
2000	20,530

outcomes2023

Suicide deaths

457 deaths

North star

Zero suicide deaths

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO estimated deaths from intentional self-harm, both sexes and all ages.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled cause-specific estimate; reporting and classification can undercount suicide. Included in all-cause deaths; never add it again.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Suicide deaths observations for Nicaragua
Year	deaths
2023	457
2022	490
2021	421
2020	392
2019	365
2015	363
2010	463
2000	564

burden2023

Depressive-disorder health loss

39,389 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from depressive disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not case counts or direct distress. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Depressive-disorder health loss observations for Nicaragua
Year	healthy life-years
2023	39,389
2022	37,798
2021	38,606
2020	36,476
2019	27,309
2015	23,404
2010	21,318
2000	19,403

burden2023

Anxiety-disorder health loss

55,367 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from anxiety disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not case counts. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Anxiety-disorder health loss observations for Nicaragua
Year	healthy life-years
2023	55,367
2022	46,890
2021	44,621
2020	43,531
2019	34,919
2015	32,446
2010	29,397
2000	22,843

burden2023

Alcohol-disorder health loss

17,497 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from alcohol use disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD. Alcohol-related injuries and other disease burdens sit in other categories; included in total YLD.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Alcohol-disorder health loss observations for Nicaragua
Year	healthy life-years
2023	17,497
2022	18,082
2021	17,316
2020	16,607
2019	16,479
2015	16,697
2010	15,205
2000	12,591

burden2023

Drug-disorder health loss

4,496 healthy life-years

North star

Minimize avoidable health loss; zero is an aspirational horizon

Unified Nations aspirational north star

WHO severity-weighted years of nonfatal health loss from drug use disorders.

Source, limitations & data

Modeled YLD, not overdose deaths. Included in total YLD; do not add to the all-cause total.

World Health Organization, Global Health Estimates 2023 (2026 release) · GHE 2023 ↗

Drug-disorder health loss observations for Nicaragua
Year	healthy life-years
2023	4,496
2022	4,443
2021	4,263
2020	4,094
2019	4,054
2015	4,038
2010	3,820
2000	3,189

disease2024

Tuberculosis incidence

43 per 100,000 people

North star

End tuberculosis

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated new and relapsed tuberculosis cases per 100,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled incidence includes uncertainty; not the number of reported diagnoses.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.TBS.INCD ↗

Tuberculosis incidence observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 100,000 people
2024	43
2023	44
2022	45
2021	46
2020	47
2019	49
2018	46
2017	51
2016	54
2015	59
2014	65
2013	70
2012	74
2011	74
2010	70
2009	69
2008	76
2007	80
2006	75
2005	77
2004	94
2003	102
2002	98
2001	120
2000	125

diseaseDATA GAP

New HIV infections

— per 1,000 uninfected ages 15–49

○

No matching rate for uninfected adults ages 15–49 was found. All-age rates and reported diagnoses use different measures.

North star

Zero new HIV infections

Unified Nations aspirational north star

New HIV infections among uninfected adults ages 15–49.

Source, limitations & data

Denominator is uninfected adults in this age group, not the whole population.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.HIV.INCD.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

New HIV infections observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 1,000 uninfected ages 15–49

disease2024

Malaria incidence

1 per 1,000 at risk

North star

End malaria

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Estimated new malaria cases per 1,000 people at risk.

Source, limitations & data

At-risk population differs from total population. No observation is not zero or proof of elimination.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MLR.INCD.P3 ↗

Malaria incidence observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 1,000 at risk
2024	1
2023	1.4
2022	3.4
2021	5
2020	5.6
2019	2.9
2018	3.6
2017	2.5
2016	1.5
2015	0.5
2014	0.3
2013	0.3
2012	0.3
2011	0.2
2010	0.2
2009	0.2
2008	0.2
2007	0.4
2006	0.8
2005	1.8
2004	1.9
2003	1.9
2002	2.2
2001	3
2000	6.8

disease2024

Diabetes prevalence

10.4 % ages 20–79

North star

Prevent avoidable diabetes and support everyone living with it

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Share of adults ages 20–79 living with diabetes.

Source, limitations & data

A modeled prevalence estimate; diagnosis, treatment, and control matter alongside prevention.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.DIAB.ZS ↗

Diabetes prevalence observations for Nicaragua
Year	% ages 20–79
2024	10.4
2011	11

diseaseDATA GAP

Tobacco use

— % adults 15+

○

No comparable national observation was found in the checked source feeds. Missing data is not zero.

North star

A tobacco-free future

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use in adults.

Source, limitations & data

Includes smoked and smokeless tobacco as defined by the source; a modeled estimate.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.PRV.SMOK ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Tobacco use observations for Nicaragua
Year	% adults 15+

disease2020

Alcohol consumption

3.7 litres pure alcohol per adult 15+

North star

Minimize alcohol-related harm

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Annual total alcohol consumption per person age 15+.

Source, limitations & data

WHO modeled/projected estimate includes recorded and estimated unrecorded consumption, adjusted for tourism; not a measure of distribution or dependence.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.ALC.PCAP.LI ↗

Alcohol consumption observations for Nicaragua
Year	litres pure alcohol per adult 15+
2020	3.7
2019	4.2
2018	4.2
2017	4.2
2016	4.2
2015	4.1
2014	4
2013	4
2012	3.9
2011	3.9
2010	3.8
2009	3.8
2008	4
2007	4.1
2006	4.1
2005	4.1
2004	4.1
2003	4.1
2002	4
2001	3.9
2000	3.9

disease2012

Child stunting

17.3 % children under 5

Historical evidence · 2012. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Zero child stunting

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five with low height for age relative to the WHO growth standard.

Source, limitations & data

Survey and modeled series vary; reflects cumulative deprivation, not every cause of poor nutrition.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.STNT.ZS ↗

Child stunting observations for Nicaragua
Year	% children under 5
2012	17.3
2007	23.1
2005	21.5
2004	18.8
2001	25.1

disease2012

Child wasting

2.2 % children under 5

Historical evidence · 2012. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Zero child wasting

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five with low weight for height relative to the WHO growth standard.

Source, limitations & data

Sparse household surveys; a national observation can miss local or seasonal emergencies.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.WAST.ZS ↗

Child wasting observations for Nicaragua
Year	% children under 5
2012	2.2
2007	1.5
2005	0.9
2004	0.4
2001	2.3

disease2022

Undernourishment

17.3 % of population

North star

Zero hunger

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of people with insufficient dietary energy intake.

Source, limitations & data

FAO modeled estimate; values below 2.5% may be censored in source presentation.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS ↗

Undernourishment observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of population
2022	17.3
2021	17
2020	16.6
2019	15.7
2018	15.5
2017	15.6
2016	16.3
2015	17.2
2014	17.7
2013	17.3
2012	17
2011	17.2
2010	18.3
2009	19.3
2008	19.9
2007	20.4
2006	20.9
2005	21.9
2004	22.6
2003	23.4
2002	23.6
2001	25.8

care2023

Essential health-service coverage

70 index 0–100

North star

Universal access to essential health services

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Universal health coverage service coverage index across essential health services.

Source, limitations & data

A tracer-service index, not a claim that every person receives care or financial protection.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH_UHC_SCI ↗

Essential health-service coverage observations for Nicaragua
Year	index 0–100
2023	70
2022	72
2021	71
2020	71
2019	71
2018	70
2017	72
2016	71
2015	70
2014	71
2013	70
2012	68
2011	67
2010	66
2009	66
2008	65
2007	64
2006	63
2005	62
2004	61
2003	60
2002	60
2001	59
2000	59

care2023

DTP immunization

89 % children ages 12–23 months

North star

Every child protected by routine vaccination

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of children ages 12–23 months receiving three doses of DTP vaccine.

Source, limitations & data

Coverage does not measure every vaccine, timeliness, or equitable access.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.IMM.IDPT ↗

DTP immunization observations for Nicaragua
Year	% children ages 12–23 months
2023	89
2022	92
2021	87
2020	92
2019	98
2018	98
2017	98
2016	98
2015	98
2014	98
2013	98
2012	98
2011	98
2010	98
2009	98
2008	97
2007	93
2006	88
2005	86
2004	79
2003	86
2002	85
2001	87
2000	83

care2023

Measles immunization

85 % children ages 12–23 months

North star

Every child protected against measles

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of children ages 12–23 months receiving a measles vaccine.

Source, limitations & data

One vaccine-dose indicator, not proof of community immunity or complete schedules.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.IMM.MEAS ↗

Measles immunization observations for Nicaragua
Year	% children ages 12–23 months
2023	85
2022	93
2021	83
2020	97
2019	99
2018	99
2017	99
2016	99
2015	99
2014	99
2013	99
2012	99
2011	99
2010	99
2009	99
2008	99
2007	99
2006	99
2005	96
2004	84
2003	93
2002	98
2001	99
2000	86

care2017

Skilled birth attendance

94.1 % of births

Historical evidence · 2017. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Every birth supported by skilled, respectful care

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Births attended by skilled health personnel.

Source, limitations & data

Presence of a skilled attendant does not establish quality, emergency access, or respectful care.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.BRTC.ZS ↗

Skilled birth attendance observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of births
2017	94.1
2016	94.1
2015	94
2014	93.4
2013	92.4
2012	87
2011	89.7
2010	88
2008	85.3
2007	73.7
2006	79.3
2005	78.6
2004	76
2003	74.1
2002	72.6
2001	66.9

care2024

Adolescent birth rate

93.2 births per 1,000 women ages 15–19

North star

Prevent unintended adolescent pregnancy and support young parents

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Births per 1,000 women ages 15–19.

Source, limitations & data

Births alone do not establish intention or agency; reproductive choice and access to care matter.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.ADO.TFRT ↗

Adolescent birth rate observations for Nicaragua
Year	births per 1,000 women ages 15–19
2024	93.2
2023	93.5
2022	94.1
2021	95.1
2020	96.5
2019	97.7
2018	98.7
2017	100
2016	100.9
2015	102.1
2014	103.2
2013	104.2
2012	105.7
2011	106.9
2010	108.2
2009	108.1
2008	108.4
2007	108.9
2006	109.7
2005	110.1
2004	108.6
2003	108.7
2002	109.2
2001	111.5
2000	114.1

care2023

Current health expenditure

8.3 % of GDP

North star

Affordable, effective care with fair financial protection

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Current health expenditure as a share of GDP.

Source, limitations & data

More spending is not automatically better outcomes; excludes capital expenditure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS ↗

Current health expenditure observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of GDP
2023	8.3
2022	9
2021	9.5
2020	8.6
2019	8.5
2018	8.5
2017	8.3
2016	8
2015	8
2014	8
2013	7.6
2012	7.5
2011	7.4
2010	7.7
2009	7.7
2008	7.2
2007	7
2006	6.4
2005	6.2
2004	6.1
2003	6.1
2002	5.7
2001	5.5
2000	5.2

care2023

Out-of-pocket health costs

37.6 % of health expenditure

North star

No one pushed into hardship by the cost of care

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Out-of-pocket spending as a share of current health expenditure.

Source, limitations & data

Not the share of household income spent on health, and not a direct catastrophic-spending measure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.XPD.OOPC.CH.ZS ↗

Out-of-pocket health costs observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of health expenditure
2023	37.6
2022	35.7
2021	30.8
2020	32.3
2019	33.2
2018	33.2
2017	33.8
2016	35
2015	35.4
2014	35.3
2013	36.9
2012	37.6
2011	37.8
2010	37.5
2009	38.3
2008	40.9
2007	41.9
2006	42
2005	39.2
2004	41.6
2003	38.7
2002	45.3
2001	40.4
2000	43.9

care2018

Physician availability

0.7 per 1,000 people

North star

Timely access to qualified health professionals

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Number of physicians per 1,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Counts can combine practicing or registered staff depending on country; distribution and quality matter.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MED.PHYS.ZS ↗

Physician availability observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 1,000 people
2018	0.7
2017	1
2016	1
2015	0.9
2014	0.9
2013	0.9
2012	0.9
2011	0.8
2010	0.7
2009	0.7
2008	0.7
2007	0.5
2006	0.5
2005	0.5
2003	0.4

care2017

Nurses & midwives

1.6 per 1,000 people

Historical evidence · 2017. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Adequate nursing and midwifery care everywhere

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Nursing and midwifery personnel per 1,000 population.

Source, limitations & data

Country reporting and occupational coverage differ; national density conceals shortages.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.MED.NUMW.P3 ↗

Nurses & midwives observations for Nicaragua
Year	per 1,000 people
2017	1.6
2016	1.5
2015	1.4
2014	1.4
2013	1.4
2012	1.4
2011	1.4
2010	1.3
2009	1.3
2008	1.3
2007	1.2
2006	1.2
2005	1.2
2003	1.1

environmentDATA GAP

Safely managed drinking water

— % of population

○

No national estimate meeting this definition was found. Basic access, urban-only and rural-only coverage are separate measures.

North star

Safe drinking water for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using drinking water that is on premises, available when needed, and free from contamination.

Source, limitations & data

WHO/UNICEF JMP estimate. Missing safely managed data must not be substituted silently with basic access.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.H2O.SMDW.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Safely managed drinking water observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of population

environmentDATA GAP

Safely managed sanitation

— % of population

○

No national estimate meeting this definition was found. Basic access, urban-only and rural-only coverage are separate measures.

North star

Safe sanitation for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using improved, unshared sanitation with safe disposal or treatment of excreta.

Source, limitations & data

WHO/UNICEF JMP estimate. Basic sanitation is a separate, less stringent measure.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.SMSS.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Safely managed sanitation observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of population

environmentDATA GAP

Handwashing facilities

— % of population

○

No national estimate meeting this definition was found. Basic access, urban-only and rural-only coverage are separate measures.

North star

Soap, water, and hygiene access for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People with a handwashing facility with soap and water at home.

Source, limitations & data

Limited survey coverage; presence does not establish consistent use.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SH.STA.HYGN.ZS ↗

Coverage reviewed 2026-10-06. See the source audit and remaining gaps ↗

Handwashing facilities observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of population

environment2023

Fine-particle air pollution

20.4 µg/m³

North star

WHO guideline: annual PM2.5 at most 5 µg/m³

WHO air-quality guideline · Target source ↗

Population-weighted annual mean exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5).

Source, limitations & data

Modeled national exposure. Local hotspots and personal exposure differ.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3 ↗

Fine-particle air pollution observations for Nicaragua
Year	µg/m³
2023	20.4
2022	20.8
2021	20.1
2020	21.7
2019	20.2
2018	21.2
2017	20.1
2016	19.9
2015	20.8
2014	19.1
2013	21.1
2012	19.8
2011	21.7
2010	21.5
2009	20
2008	21.8
2007	22.3
2006	23.2
2005	24.9
2004	23.3
2003	26.4
2002	25.7
2001	25.7
2000	26.1

environment2023

Clean cooking access

59.6 % of population

North star

Clean cooking without harmful household smoke

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People with access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking.

Source, limitations & data

Primary reliance as defined by WHO; access does not guarantee affordability or exclusive use.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EG.CFT.ACCS.ZS ↗

Clean cooking access observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of population
2023	59.6
2022	58.6
2021	57.7
2020	56.8
2019	55.8
2018	54.6
2017	53.6
2016	52.3
2015	51.1
2014	49.7
2013	48.3
2012	47
2011	45.7
2010	44.6
2009	43.2
2008	42.1
2007	41.1
2006	40
2005	39.2
2004	38.1
2003	37.2
2002	36.2
2001	34.9
2000	33.9

environment2024

Electricity access

88.7 % of population

North star

Reliable, affordable electricity for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Share of people with access to electricity.

Source, limitations & data

Connection alone does not measure reliability, affordability or clean generation.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS ↗

Electricity access observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of population
2024	88.7
2023	88.3
2022	86.5
2021	86.3
2020	86
2019	85.7
2018	85.2
2017	84.6
2016	83.9
2015	83.2
2014	81.9
2013	81.9
2012	81.3
2011	81.2
2010	80.1
2009	77.9
2008	77.5
2007	76.9
2006	76.3
2005	73.8
2004	75.2
2003	74.6
2002	74.1
2001	72.2
2000	73

opportunity2014

Extreme poverty

6.6 % of population

Historical evidence · 2014. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Zero extreme poverty

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People living on less than $3.00 a day at 2021 purchasing-power-parity prices.

Source, limitations & data

Survey-based; line and PPP base change across releases. The source metadata gives the exact current definition.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SI.POV.DDAY ↗

Extreme poverty observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of population
2014	6.6
2009	13.9
2005	16.5
2001	26.3

opportunity2025

Unemployment

5 % of labor force

North star

Decent work for everyone who wants it

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

People without work who are available and seeking work; ILO modeled estimate.

Source, limitations & data

Excludes people outside the labor force and does not establish job quality.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS ↗

Unemployment observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of labor force
2025	5
2024	5
2023	4.7
2022	5
2021	6.1
2020	6.2
2019	5.5
2018	5.2
2017	3.3
2016	3.9
2015	4.7
2014	4.5
2013	5.3
2012	5.2
2011	6.6
2010	7.8
2009	8.2
2008	6.2
2007	4.9
2006	5.3
2005	5.4
2004	6.4
2003	7.6
2002	7.5
2001	7.2
2000	7.2

opportunity2025

Employment-to-population ratio

62.7 % ages 15+

North star

Dignified, fairly paid work and genuine choice

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Share of people age 15+ who are employed; ILO modeled estimate.

Source, limitations & data

Age structure, education and unpaid care affect the rate. 100% employment is not an appropriate universal goal.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS ↗

Employment-to-population ratio observations for Nicaragua
Year	% ages 15+
2025	62.7
2024	62.7
2023	62.8
2022	62.4
2021	61.3
2020	60.4
2019	61.4
2018	61.8
2017	63.2
2016	62.7
2015	62
2014	62
2013	61.2
2012	61
2011	59.7
2010	58.6
2009	58.1
2008	59
2007	59.5
2006	59
2005	58.6
2004	57.6
2003	56.6
2002	56.3
2001	56.2
2000	55.9

opportunity2025

Income per person

7,933 international dollars, constant 2021 PPP

North star

Shared prosperity within ecological limits

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

GDP per person adjusted for purchasing power and inflation.

Source, limitations & data

Not household income, wealth or wellbeing; the current PPP base is specified in source metadata.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD ↗

Income per person observations for Nicaragua
Year	international dollars, constant 2021 PPP
2025	7,933
2024	7,661
2023	7,497
2022	7,278
2021	7,119
2020	6,523
2019	6,757
2018	7,049
2017	7,391
2016	7,159
2015	6,939
2014	6,712
2013	6,494
2012	6,276
2011	5,976
2010	5,701
2009	5,538
2008	5,809
2007	5,697
2006	5,500
2005	5,357
2004	5,204
2003	5,001
2002	4,935
2001	4,958
2000	4,878

opportunity2014

Income inequality

46.2 Gini index 0–100

Historical evidence · 2014. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Fair opportunity and less harmful inequality

Contextual north star; no universal numerical optimum

Distribution of income or consumption within a country.

Source, limitations & data

Income and consumption surveys are not interchangeable; sparse survey years are shown honestly.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SI.POV.GINI ↗

Income inequality observations for Nicaragua
Year	Gini index 0–100
2014	46.2
2009	43.9
2005	48.8
2001	52.9

opportunity2022

Primary-school completion

81.7 % of relevant age group

North star

Every child completes quality primary education

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Completion rate for primary education.

Source, limitations & data

Gross enrollment-based ratios can exceed 100%; completion does not directly measure learning.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SE.PRM.CMPT.ZS ↗

Primary-school completion observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of relevant age group
2022	81.7
2010	82.8
2008	78.3
2007	79.8
2006	79.4
2005	79.4
2004	75.3
2003	74.3
2002	74.4
2001	66.4
2000	65.5

opportunity2014

Adult literacy

87.3 % adults 15+

Historical evidence · 2014. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Literacy for every adult

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Adults who can read and write a short simple statement about everyday life.

Source, limitations & data

Sparse census or survey observations; national definitions and self-report can vary.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SE.ADT.LITR.ZS ↗

Adult literacy observations for Nicaragua
Year	% adults 15+
2014	87.3
2012	85.6
2005	78
2001	76.7

opportunity2024

Internet use

61.4 % of population

North star

Meaningful digital access for everyone

Unified Nations aspirational north star

People using the internet.

Source, limitations & data

Access does not establish affordability, safety, speed or digital literacy.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · IT.NET.USER.ZS ↗

Internet use observations for Nicaragua
Year	% of population
2024	61.4
2023	60.3
2022	59.4
2021	51.6
2020	44.9
2019	39
2018	33.9
2017	30.4
2016	24.6
2015	19.7
2014	17.6
2013	15.5
2012	13.5
2011	10.6
2010	10
2009	7.3
2008	5.3
2007	3.9
2006	2.8
2005	2.6
2004	2.3
2003	1.9
2002	1.7
2001	1.4
2000	1

opportunity2012

Birth registration

84.7 % children under 5

Historical evidence · 2012. No recent observation is available in this snapshot.

North star

Every child counted and legally recognized

Unified Nations aspirational north star

Children under five whose births have been registered with a civil authority.

Source, limitations & data

Survey or administrative coverage may differ; registration does not establish complete vital statistics.

World Bank World Development Indicators; original producers named in source metadata · SP.REG.BRTH.ZS ↗

Birth registration observations for Nicaragua
Year	% children under 5
2012	84.7
2001	81

A starting agenda for Nicaragua

Turn the goals
into work.

This is a public-health agenda to adapt with local communities and professionals. Completion alone does not establish a quantified effect.

Prevent avoidable deaths

Protect life at every stage.

Expand timely, respectful maternal and newborn care.
Close gaps in routine vaccination and disease prevention.
Strengthen suicide prevention, mental-health care, and follow-up.
Reduce road injuries, violence, and avoidable chronic-disease deaths.

WHO suicide-prevention evidence ↗

Reduce health loss

Make effective care reachable.

Improve access to primary care and essential medicines.
Detect and treat disease earlier.
Provide rehabilitation, pain relief, and disability support.
Protect households from harmful health-care costs.

WHO universal health coverage ↗

Build healthy conditions

Support the foundations of life.

Deliver safe water, sanitation, hygiene, and clean cooking.
Reduce harmful air pollution and child malnutrition.
Expand quality education, decent work, and social protection.
Publish results and identify who is still being left behind.

International development goals ↗

Keep exploring

OUR GREAT WORKIS NOT OVER.

NicaraguaNICA healthier future.

More life.Less suffering.

The trends.The north stars.

Life expectancy

Healthy life expectancy

Under-five mortality

Infant mortality

Neonatal mortality

Maternal mortality

Suicide mortality

Road-traffic mortality

Intentional homicide

Premature chronic-disease mortality

Healthy life-years lost

Life-years lost to premature death

Years of nonfatal health loss

All-cause deaths

Suicide deaths

Depressive-disorder health loss

Anxiety-disorder health loss

Alcohol-disorder health loss

Drug-disorder health loss

Tuberculosis incidence

New HIV infections

Malaria incidence

Diabetes prevalence

Tobacco use

Alcohol consumption

Child stunting

Child wasting

Undernourishment

Essential health-service coverage

DTP immunization

Measles immunization

Skilled birth attendance

Adolescent birth rate

Current health expenditure

Out-of-pocket health costs

Physician availability

Nurses & midwives

Safely managed drinking water

Safely managed sanitation

Handwashing facilities

Fine-particle air pollution

Clean cooking access

Electricity access

Extreme poverty

Unemployment

Employment-to-population ratio

Income per person

Income inequality

Primary-school completion

Adult literacy

Internet use

Birth registration

Turn the goalsinto work.

Protect life at every stage.

Make effective care reachable.

Support the foundations of life.

More country perspectives.

OUR GREAT WORK
IS NOT OVER.

More life.
Less suffering.

The trends.
The north stars.

Turn the goals
into work.